nephropathy

[nĕ-frop´ah-the]

1. any disease of the kidneys. adj., adj nephropath´ic.

2. any disease of the kidneys; see also nephritis. Called also nephrosis. adj., adj nephropath´ic.

AIDS nephropathy former name for HIV-associated nephropathy.

analgesic nephropathy interstitial nephritis with renal papillary necrosis, seen in patients with a history of abuse of analgesics such as aspirin or acetaminophen alone or in combination.

diabetic nephropathy the nephropathy that commonly accompanies later stages of diabetes mellitus; it begins with hyperfiltration, renal hypertrophy, microalbuminuria, and hypertension; in time proteinuria develops, with other signs of decreasing function leading to end-stage renal disease.

gouty nephropathy any of a group of chronic kidney diseases associated with the abnormal production and excretion of uric acid.

heavy metal nephropathy the kidney damage resulting from any of various forms of heavy metal poisoning, usually in the form of tubulointerstitial nephritis. The most common metals involved are cadmium, lead, and mercury.

HIV-associated nephropathy renal pathology in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, similar to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, with proteinuria, enlarged kidneys, and dilated tubules containing proteinaceous casts; it may progress to end-stage renal disease within weeks.

hypokalemic nephropathy nephropathy with hypokalemia, interstitial nephritis, swelling and vacuolization of proximal renal tubules, and progressive renal failure, resulting from conditions such as oncotic overloading of the kidney filtration mechanisms by sugars. See also potassium-losing nephropathy.

IgA nephropathy a chronic form marked by hematuria and proteinuria and by deposits of IgA immunoglobulin in the mesangial areas of the renal glomeruli, with subsequent reactive hyperplasia of mesangial cells. Called also Berger's disease and IgA glomerulonephritis.

ischemic nephropathy nephropathy resulting from partial or complete obstruction of a renal artery with ischemia, accompanied by a significant reduction in the glomerular filtration rate.

lead nephropathy the kidney damage that accompanies lead poisoning; lead deposits appear in the epithelium of the proximal tubules and as nuclear inclusions in cells. In time this leads to tubulointerstitial nephritis with chronic renal failure and other symptoms.

membranous nephropathy membranous glomerulonephritis.

minimal change nephropathy minimal change disease.

obstructive nephropathy nephropathy caused by obstruction of the urinary tract (usually the ureter), with hydronephrosis, slowing of the glomerular filtration rate, and tubular abnormalities.

potassium-losing nephropathy hypokalemic nephropathy after persistent potassium loss; it may be seen in metabolic alkalosis, adrenocortical hormone excess, or in intrinsic renal disease such as renal tubular acidosis or hyperplasia of juxtaglomerular cells. Called also potassium-losing nephritis.

reflux nephropathy childhood pyelonephritis in which the renal scarring results from vesicoureteric reflux, with radiological appearance of intrarenal reflux.

salt-losing nephropathy intrinsic renal disease causing abnormal urinary sodium loss in persons ingesting normal amounts of sodium chloride, with vomiting, dehydration, and vascular collapse. Called also salt-losing nephritis.

urate nephropathy (uric acid nephropathy) any of a group of kidney diseases occurring in patients with hyperuricemia, including an acute form, a chronic form (gouty nephropathy), and nephrolithiasis with formation of uric acid calculi.

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References in periodicals archive

Some showed that the most common pathological pattern in patients with NDRD was IgAN whereas membranous nephropathy, hypertensive renal disease, focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, and acute interstitial nephritis were also reported as the most common pathological pattern in other studies [Supplementary Table 1].

Clinicopathological Features of Nondiabetic Renal Diseases from Different Age Groups: An Observational Cross-sectional Study

Membranous nephropathy has a high prevalence in Western countries, and there has been a rise in its incidence in different countries [6].

Glomerulonephritis Pattern at a Jordanian Tertiary Care Center

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome, is characterized by capillary wall thickening, normal cellularity, IgG and C3 along capillary walls on immunofluorescence, and subepithelial deposits on electron microscopy.

Therapy of tacrolimus combined with corticosteroids in idiopathic membranous nephropathy

In China, IgA nephropathy was the most frequently biopsy finding seen in all NDRD patients, followed by membranous nephropathy, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, hypertensive nephrosclerosis, renal damage, minimal-change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and crescentic glomerulonephritis [30].

Classification and Differential Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy

On average, the likelihood of developing membranous nephropathy, an immune disorder of the kidneys that can lead to kidney failure, increased 13 per cent annually over the 11-year study period, whereas the proportions of other major kidney conditions remained stable, researchers said.

Air pollution may cause kidney disease: study

[9] With better screening and treatment for syphilis, congenital syphilis-associated membranous nephropathy has also almost disappeared.

Childhood kidney disease in developing countries: is it a forgotten disease?

Thus diagnosis of membranous nephropathy, with clinically relevant proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome in particular in elderly should prompt to look for and rule out malignancy before any therapy is instituted.

Malignancy-associated kidney disease