motor aphasia

aphasia

 [ah-fa´zhah]

a type of speech disorder consisting of a defect or loss of the power of expression by speech, writing, or signs, or of comprehension of spoken or written language, due to disease or injury of the brain centers, such as after stroke syndrome on the left side.

Patient Care. Aphasia is a complex phenomenon manifested in numerous ways. The recovery period is often very long, even months or years. Because communication is such a vital part of everyday living, loss of the ability to communicate with words, whether in speaking or writing, can profoundly affect the personality and behavior of a patient. Although aphasic persons usually require extensive treatment by specially trained speech patholigists or therapists, all persons concerned with the care of the patient should practice techniques that will help minimize frustration and improve communication with such patients.

amnestic aphasia anomic aphasia.

anomic aphasia inability to name objects, qualities, or conditions. Called also amnestic or nominal aphasia.

ataxic aphasia expressive aphasia.

auditory aphasia loss of ability to comprehend spoken language. Called also word deafness.

Broca's aphasia motor aphasia.

conduction aphasia aphasia due to a lesion of the pathway between the sensory and motor speech centers.

expressive aphasia motor aphasia.

fluent aphasia that in which speech is well articulated (usually 200 or more words per minute) and grammatically correct but is lacking in content and meaning.

global aphasia total aphasia involving all the functions that go to make up speech and communication.

jargon aphasia that with utterance of meaningless phrases, either neologisms or incoherently arranged known words.

mixed aphasia combined expressive and receptive aphasia.

motor aphasia aphasia in which there is impairment of the ability to speak and write, owing to a lesion in the insula and surrounding operculum including Broca's motor speech area. The patient understands written and spoken words but has difficulty uttering the words. See also receptive aphasia. Called also logaphasia and Broca's, expressive, or nonfluent aphasia.

nominal aphasia anomic aphasia.

nonfluent aphasia motor aphasia.

receptive aphasia inability to understand written, spoken, or tactile speech symbols, due to disease of the auditory and visual word centers, as in word blindness. See also motor aphasia. Called also logamnesia and sensory or Wernicke's aphasia.

sensory aphasia receptive aphasia.

visual aphasia alexia.

Wernicke's aphasia receptive aphasia.

Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

mo·tor a·pha·si·a

a type of aphasia in which there is a deficit in speech production or language output, often accompanied by a deficit in communicating by writing, signs, or other manifestation. The patient is aware of the impairment.

Synonym(s): anterior aphasia, ataxic aphasia, Broca aphasia, expressive aphasia, nonfluent aphasia

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

motor aphasia

Broca's aphasia Neurology A deficit in language output or speech production, ranging in severity from the mildest, cortical dysarthria, characterized by intact comprehension and ability to write due to a lesion of the motor speech center–aka Broca's area in the brain

McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

ex·pres·sive a·pha·si·a

(eks-pres'iv ă-fā'zē-ă)

A type of aphasia in which the greatest deficit is in speech production or language output; usually accompanied by a deficit in communicating by writing, signs, or other means. The patient is aware of this impairment. The lesion typically includes the posterior frontal lobe.
Synonym(s): Broca aphasia (2) , motor aphasia, nonfluent aphasia.

Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012

Broca,

Paul, French surgeon, neurologist, and anthropologist, 1824-1880.

Broca angle - the angle formed at the basion of lines drawn from the nasion and the alveolar point; the angle formed by the intersection at the biauricular axis of lines drawn from the supraorbital point and the alveolar point; the posterior superior angle of the parietal bone. Synonym(s): Broca basilar angle; Broca facial angle; occipital angle of parietal bone

Broca aphasia - any of the varieties of aphasia in which the power of expression by writing, speaking, or signs is lost. Synonym(s): motor aphasia

Broca area - Synonym(s): Broca center

Broca basilar angle - Synonym(s): Broca angle

Broca center - the posterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus of the left or dominant hemisphere, essential component of the motor mechanisms governing articulated speech. Synonym(s): Broca area; Broca field; Brodmann area 44; motor speech center

Broca diagonal band - a white fiber bundle descending in the precommissural septum toward the base of the forebrain.

Broca facial angle - Synonym(s): Broca angle

Broca field - Synonym(s): Broca center

Broca fissure - the fissure surrounding Broca convolution.

Broca formula - a fully developed man should weigh as many kilograms as he is centimeters in height over and above 1 meter.

Broca parolfactory area - a small region of cerebral cortex on the medical surface of the frontal lobe demarcated from the subcallosal gyrus by the posterior parolfactory sulcus. Synonym(s): parolfactory area

Broca pouch - a pear-shaped encapsulated collection of connective tissue and fat in each labium majus. Synonym(s): pudendal sac

Broca visual plane - a plane drawn through the visual axes of each eye.

Medical Eponyms © Farlex 2012