Included in the differential diagnosis are inflammatory arteritis,
collagen vascular disease, mycotic aneurysms, cystic medial necrosis seen in type IV Ehlers Danlos and Marfan's syndrome, and fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) which are also important to consider [6, 7].
Patients with chronic obstructive lung disease chest wall or parenchymal lung disease previous pulmonary embolism
collagen vascular disease moderate or severe mitral or aortic valve disease and having obstructive sleep apnea were excluded.
Since they represent a breakdown of the blood-ocular barrier, look for associated signs of vascular disease eg microaneurysms, flame or blot haemorrhages (diabetes or RVO), emboli (hyperchdesterolaemia, carotid artery disease, cardiac valvula r problems), or vascular sheathing (
collagen vascular disease, previous RVO).
There was no prior history of intermittent claudication, cold or heat intolerance, tobacco smoking,
collagen vascular disease or similar family history.
* Is the
collagen vascular disease well established and is the patient on appropriate therapy?
Exclusion criteria included multiple gestation, known major fetal anomalies, diabetes (mellitus or gestational) pre existing hypertension, pre existing renal disease,
collagen vascular disease, cancer or strong family history of cancer, and pre existing maternal disease needing drug treatment.
-- Cardiac abnormalities were detected by magnetic resonance imaging in three-quarters of an unselected consecutive series of systemic sclerosis patients, underscoring the impressive frequency of heart involvement in this
collagen vascular disease.
This category includes PAH associated with connective tissue and
collagen vascular disease. This section includes diseases such as scleroderma, lupus crest syndrome, HIV infection, portal hypertension, and congenital heart diseases (CHD).
History of endocrine disorders, uterine malformation, polycystic ovary syndrome, renal disease,
collagen vascular disease, any cardiovascular disease, chronic hypertension, history of any antibiotic prophylaxis or medication, chronic smoking and chromic alcoholic excluded from study.
* Idiopathic 29% * Malignancy 13% * Uremia 6% * Iatrogenic 16% * Postmyocardial infarction 8% * Infection 2% *
Collagen vascular disease 5% * Hypothyroidism 0% * Other 21% Most pericardial effusions never progress to pericardial tamponade; however, bacterial (including mycobacterial), fungal, and HIV-associated infections, neoplastic involvement, and any form of bleeding into the pericardial space may progress to cardiac tamponade.
People with celiac disease tend to have other autoimmune diseases as well, including dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), thyroid disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, insulin-dependent diabetes, liver disease,
collagen vascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sjogren's syndrome.