thiamin

thiamine

 [thi´ah-min]

vitamin B₁, a component of the B complex group of vitamins, found in various foodstuffs and present in the free state in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Deficiency results in neurological symptoms, cardiovascular dysfunction, edema, and reduced intestinal motility. See also vitamin.

Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

thi·a·min

(thī'ă-min),

A heat-labile and water-soluble vitamin contained in milk, yeast, and in the germ and husk of grains; also artificially synthesized; essential for growth; a deficiency of thiamin is associated with beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

Synonym(s): aneurine, antiberiberi factor, antiberiberi vitamin, antineuritic factor, antineuritic vitamin, thiamine, vitamin B1

[thia- + vitamin]

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

thiamin

A water-soluble B vitamin that is a necessary cofactor in alpha-keto decarboxylation, links glycolysis with the Krebs cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle, the main source of energy in mammals), and is critical in the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Thiamin aids in digestion; improves tolerance to pain; is useful against psoriasis, shingles and seborrhoeic dermatitis; and reduces gastric acidity. Absence of thiamin results in malnutrition, softened bones and mental depression.

Dietary sources
Grains, yeast and animal viscera.

Segen's Medical Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All rights reserved.

megavitamin therapy

The administration of excess or 'hyper-doses' of water-soluble vitamins, either physician-guided–eg, to treat neuropathies, or self-prescribed by health-food advocates. See Decavitamin, Orthomolecular medicine, Vitamin.

Megavitamins, adverse effects  

Thiamin CNS hyperresponsiveness–convulsions, Parkinson's disease–thiamin antagonizes l-dopa, sensory neuropathy–destruction of dorsal axon roots

Niacin/nicotinic acid & niacinamide/nicotinamide Exacerbation of asthma–histamine release, cardiac disease–arrhythmias, GI symptoms, eg nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, DM–hyperglycemia, gout–↑ uric acid, liver disease–enzyme leakage, hepatocellular injury, portal fibrosis or massive necrosis, cholestatic jaundice, peptic ulcer disease–histamine release, ↑ acidity, skin disease

Vitamin B₆ Paresthesia, headaches, asthenia, irritability

Vitamin C ↑ Iron absorption, possibly iron overload, evoking diarrhea, renal calculus formation and possibly inhibiting the bacteriolytic activity of neutrophils, G6PD deficiency–↑ red cell lysis, megaloblastic anemia–↓ vitamin B₁₂ absorption, nephrolithiasis–oxaluria Diagn Clin Testing 1990; 28:27  

McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

thi·a·min

(thī'ă-min)

A heat-labile and water-soluble vitamin contained in milk, yeast, and the germ and husk of grains; also artificially synthesized; essential for growth; a deficiency of thiamin is associated with beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
Synonym(s): vitamin B1.

[thia- + vitamin]

Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012

thi·a·min

(thī'ă-min)

Heat-labile and water-soluble vitamin contained in milk, yeast, and in the germ and husk of grains; essential for growth. Sometimes spelled thiamine.
Synonym(s): vitamin B1.

[thia- + vitamin]

Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012