dilutional hyponatremia

de·ple·tion·al hy·po·na·tre·mi·a

decreased serum sodium concentration associated with loss of sodium from the circulating blood through the gastrointestinal tract, kidney, skin, or into the "third space." Accompanied by hypovolemic and hypotonic state.

Synonym(s): dilutional hyponatremia

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SIADH

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. A condition characterised by increased vasopressin/ADH secretion (despite low plasma osmolarity), water retention and dilutional hyponatraemia.
 
Aetiology
Addison’s disease, ACTH deficiency, AIDS, hypopituitarism, paraneoplastic hormone production (small cell carcinoma of lung, bronchogenic, pancreas, uterine, bladder or prostate), lymphoproliferative disorders, mesothelioma, thymoma, CNS disease (trauma, infection, chromophobe adenoma), metastases, lung disease (TB, pneumonia, PEEP ventilation), porphyria, drugs (e.g., chlorpropamide, vincristine, etc.).
 
Lab
Hypervolemia, hypouricaemia, decreased creatinine, hyponatraemia, natriuresis (urinary sodium > 20 mEq/L with decreased BUN), no symptoms of volume depletion, decreased maximum urinary dilution, increased ADH, normal renal and adrenal function.
 
Management
Corticosteroids to suppress ADH secretion.

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dilutional hyponatremia

See SIADH.

McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.