Flowers pedicellate, bisexual, buds clavate; epicalyx orange; corolla 6-merous, 5-6 X0.3 cm, reddish, valvate; stamens-6, dimorphic, 3 major and 3 minor, alternating with each other, majors 0.7 X 0.1 cm, minors 0.5 X 0.1 cm, included; ovary ovoid, ca.
Flowers with clavate buds; epicalyx lacerated greenish; corolla 0.4-1 cm in length, greenish, valvate; stamens-6, 0.6 X 0.1 cm, exserted or not, anthers sub-sessile, locule ellipsoid.
0.6 cm in length, greenish, valvate; stamens-6, majors 0.5 X 0.1 cm, minors 0.4 X 0.1 cm, included; rudimentary pistil in male flowers.
Petal shape: cucullate = 0; obovate = 1; ovate concave = 2; linear= 3; urceolate = 4;
valvate = 5; imbricate = 6.
Calyx lobes ciliate, persistent; corolla sympetalous, cylindrical, the lobes straight, spreading or recurved, mostly valvate in bud, occasionally imbricate.
Calyx of imbricate lobes (0); calyx of valvate lobes (1) 41.
Anthers adnate to style head; corolla-lobe aestivation in bud typically dextrorse (overlapping to the right) or valvate, rarely sinistrorse; fruit dehiscent, almost always apocarpous, a pair of follicles, sometimes reduced to one by abortion or postgenitally fused; seeds small, compressed, almost always with coma (tuft of hairs) at one end 2 1.
Calycine colleters few and alternisepalous or numerous and spread across base of sepal inside (rarely absent); corolla salveriform, campanulate, or urceolate; corolla-lobe aestivation dextrorse (sinistrorse in Parameria), rarely valvate; corona, if present, mostly as small pouches in petal sinuses, sometimes lower down on corolla tube behind stamens (Apocynum with alternistaminal appendages near base of corolla tube).
Calycine colleters often one, episepalous, or several and spread across base of sepal, rarely absent; corolla salveriform, infundibuliform, tubular campanulate, campanulate (rotate in Parsonsia, Artia, Ecua, and Thernardia); corolla-lobe aestivation dextrorse, rarely valvate; stamens mostly inserted in upper part of corolla tube (near base in Parsonsia, Artia, Ecua, Pottsia, and Thernardia); anthers often partially to almost completely exserted, with large, lignified guide rails, attached near base of style head; style head cylindrical to narrowly fusiform, broadest and with (usually well developed, often membranous) collar at base and sometimes upper wreath as well; stigmatic zone located on underside of style head beneath collar.
Corolla (3-)4-5(-16)-merous but usually 5-merous occasionally 4-merous; usually convolute, occasionally imbricate or valvate; connate sometimes with corona.
Amongst other characters, its alternate leaves, collateral vascular bundles, valvate aestivation, embryology, and chemistry make it not only anomalous in the family Gentianaceae but also in the order Gentianales.
Galeni ja palus teda jumala nimel tegutseda tema laste ja mehe heaolu nimel:
valvates, et nende koigi huvid oleksid parast naise surma kaitstud.