ACVIM small animal consensus recommendations on the treatment and prevention of
uroliths in dogs and cats.
(9) On the basis of this information, it seems plausible that changes in the distal rectal and coprodeal microenvironment could be responsible for
urolith formation.
The majority of
uroliths are composed of calcium salts, calcium oxalates, and calcium phosphates, all of which are radiopaque and easily visualized on a radiograph.
Urolithiasis--Although stones (
uroliths) may form anywhere in the urinary tract, they are almost always found in the bladder.
No relationship has been found between urinary pH and silicate
urolith formation.
--Diagnostic Tests: Physical examination, radiographs, urinalysis,
urolith chemical analysis, serum chemistry, ECG, bile acids, and ultrasound.
urolithiasis: The condition of having
uroliths or bladder stones.
The relative underestimation of the measured urinary oxalate concentration c in dependence of the growth rate of the
urolith, V/[tau], is shown in Fig.
Other research on the effects of hard and soft water on
urolith formation has shown mixed results regarding risk, possibly due to variations in mineral content and ratios, along with factors such as whether the water was given with or between meals.
Assessment and maintenance of the quality of
urolith analyses in a comparison of methods.
One strategy to prevent the recurrence of
urolith types in cats is to maintain dilute urine, including dietary methods like canned food and high sodium diet, and the addition of water to diets.