Herniation of
tibialis anterior is pronounced with resisting dorsiflexion of the foot.
We found a defect of fascia with 8 cm in length [Figure 3] and the muscle hernia of left
tibialis anterior upon surgery.
The plaster was cut on the first day of the 5th week; patients then practiced contraction of the
tibialis posterior with gravity eliminated.
Open eyes Closed eyes Improved cases 26/44 (59.1%) 25/44 (56.8%) Worsened cases 18/44 (40.9%) 19/44 (43.2%) % means improved 11.51% 10.64% % means worsening 10.91% 11.61% Table II--Statistical analysis (mean [+ or -] standard deviation) of tests with open and closed eyes, with (Y) and without (N) tape, related to postural control (COP = Centre of Pressure) and myoelectrical activity of
Tibialis Anterior muscle (RMS TA) and of Peroneus Longus muscle (RMS PL).
Multiple Fibs were detected in all patients' anterior
tibialis muscle (Figure 3).
At the
tibialis anterior the PPT significantly increased from test 2 to test 3 (mean difference 23.6 kPa [95% CI 0.8 to 46.3], P = 0.042) and further from test 3 to test 4 (mean difference: 26.1 kPa [95% CI 3.2 to 49.0], P = 0.026, Figure 2).
Each group was formed by 6
tibialis anterior muscles and in each one of these, 18 fields were counted in a 400x magnification.
The hip flexors (iliacus, psoas) and knee flexors (biceps femoris long and short head) showed the largest increase in force (272, 271, 334, and 356 N in double support, resp.), while the plantar flexors (medial gastrocnemius,
tibialis posterior, and soleus) and dorsiflexors (
tibialis anterior) showed the largest decrease in force over both the full gait cycle and double support (-1228, -1659, -265, and -1367N in double support, resp.).
Transverse serial sections of gastrocnemius and
tibialis anterior muscles were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.2 M phosphate buffer saline (PBS) for 10 min at room temperature.
Moreover, three weeks after a single intramuscular injection, functional assessment revealed a significant increase in strength of the targeted
tibialis anterior muscle (+18%, p<0.001).