thiamine

[thi´ah-min]

vitamin B₁, a component of the B complex group of vitamins, found in various foodstuffs and present in the free state in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Deficiency results in neurological symptoms, cardiovascular dysfunction, edema, and reduced intestinal motility. See also vitamin.

thi·a·min

(thī'ă-min),

A heat-labile and water-soluble vitamin contained in milk, yeast, and in the germ and husk of grains; also artificially synthesized; essential for growth; a deficiency of thiamin is associated with beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

Synonym(s): aneurine, antiberiberi factor, antiberiberi vitamin, antineuritic factor, antineuritic vitamin, thiamine, vitamin B1

[thia- + vitamin]

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

thiamin

A water-soluble B vitamin that is a necessary cofactor in alpha-keto decarboxylation, links glycolysis with the Krebs cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle, the main source of energy in mammals), and is critical in the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Thiamin aids in digestion; improves tolerance to pain; is useful against psoriasis, shingles and seborrhoeic dermatitis; and reduces gastric acidity. Absence of thiamin results in malnutrition, softened bones and mental depression.

Dietary sources
Grains, yeast and animal viscera.

megavitamin therapy

The administration of excess or 'hyper-doses' of water-soluble vitamins, either physician-guided–eg, to treat neuropathies, or self-prescribed by health-food advocates. See Decavitamin, Orthomolecular medicine, Vitamin.

Megavitamins, adverse effects

Thiamin CNS hyperresponsiveness–convulsions, Parkinson's disease–thiamin antagonizes l-dopa, sensory neuropathy–destruction of dorsal axon roots

Niacin/nicotinic acid & niacinamide/nicotinamide Exacerbation of asthma–histamine release, cardiac disease–arrhythmias, GI symptoms, eg nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, DM–hyperglycemia, gout–↑ uric acid, liver disease–enzyme leakage, hepatocellular injury, portal fibrosis or massive necrosis, cholestatic jaundice, peptic ulcer disease–histamine release, ↑ acidity, skin disease

Vitamin B₆ Paresthesia, headaches, asthenia, irritability

Vitamin C ↑ Iron absorption, possibly iron overload, evoking diarrhea, renal calculus formation and possibly inhibiting the bacteriolytic activity of neutrophils, G6PD deficiency–↑ red cell lysis, megaloblastic anemia–↓ vitamin B₁₂ absorption, nephrolithiasis–oxaluria Diagn Clin Testing 1990; 28:27

thi·a·min

(thī'ă-min)

A heat-labile and water-soluble vitamin contained in milk, yeast, and the germ and husk of grains; also artificially synthesized; essential for growth; a deficiency of thiamin is associated with beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
Synonym(s): vitamin B1.

[thia- + vitamin]

Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012

thi·a·min

(thī'ă-min)

Heat-labile and water-soluble vitamin contained in milk, yeast, and in the germ and husk of grains; essential for growth. Sometimes spelled thiamine.
Synonym(s): vitamin B1.

[thia- + vitamin]

Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012

Mentioned in

References in periodicals archive

Low in sodium, it is also a good source of thiamin, and manganese.

CAN A BREAKFAST ON THE GO EVER BE GOOD FOR YOU?

Maximum inhibition was reflected by I2 with G1, G2 concentration of glucose, while I3 concentration of thiamin was overall efficient towards inhibition with G3 and G4 (Figure-3).

Antiglycation activity of Thiamin-HCl and Benfoitiamine in diabetic condition

* 3/4 cup of calcium-fortified cereal has the same or more fiber, iron, magnesium, zinc, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin A, vitamin [B.sub.6], and vitamin [B.sub.12] as milk.

This issue's Nutrition Hotline addresses concerns about the USDA'S new Food Plate graphic, which implies that certain vegan foods provide adequate calcium but may not supply some other nutrients found in cow's milk

INGREDIENTS: Enriched Wheat Flour (Wheat Flour, Niacin, Reduced Iron, Thiamin Mononitrate, Riboflavin, Folic Acid), Sunflower Oil (Rosemary Extract, Ascorbic Acid) and/or Canola Oil (Rosemary Extract, Ascorbic Acid), Sea Salt, Whole Wheat Flour, and Less than 2% of the Following: Organic Cane Sugar, Oat Fiber, Active Yeast, Compressed Yeast, Inactive Yeast, and Malted Barley Flour.

Name that food: what we're really eating

For example, calcium, iron, niacin and thiamin are added to white and brown wheat flour, and these are a valuable source of these nutrients for most people.

Wheat's a prime source of many vital nutrients

Offered in boxes of six 1.4-ounce bars, all bars provide vitamin B12, thiamin, vitamin B6 and folic acid.

Kellogg's adds more fiber

B-VITAMINS, THIAMIN AND RIBOFLAVIN: Support skin health and stimulate the release of energy from carbs.

Get the most out of meat; vital

Ingredients: wholegrain rolled oats (60%), wholegrain oat flour, calcium, niacin, iron, pantothenic acid (B5), vitamin B6, riboflavin (B2), thiamin (B1), folic acid, vitamin B12.

Alison's healthy breakfast choice; AND OTHER FAMILY FAVOURITES ARE NOT MUCH BETTER

Created to boost sports performance, the product provides 25 grams of carbohydrates, electrolytes, and 10 percent of the daily value of vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin, Additionally, the new aid original flavors were reformulated to include three B vitamins to promote metabolism of fats and carbs, and to replace nutrients lost through sweat.

Better-for-you nonchocolate candy

All-new Granola Munch'ems in two varieties--Honey Oat and Brown Sugar Cinnamon--are made with whole grains and several essential vitamins and minerals, including vitamins A and B6, thiamin, niacin, riboflavin and calcium.

Kellogg makes granola pop-able

These include thiamin ([B.sub.1]), riboflavin ([B.sub.2]), nicotinic acid or niacin ([B.sub.3]), pantothenic acid ([B.sub.5]), pyridoxine ([B.sub.6]), biotin ([B.sub.7]), folic acid, folacin, or folate ([B.sub.9]), cyanocobalamin ([B.sub.12]), choline, and myoinositol.

Chapter 10 Vitamins

On the other hand, in addition to getting enough protein and carbohydrates, Americans also take in sufficient amounts of such key nutrients as niacin, selenium, riboflavin, thiamin, folate and iron.

Diets are lacking in key nutrients