Toscana,
sandfly fever Sicilian, and
sandfly fever Naples viruses are distributed in the Mediterranean region and northern Africa.
Sandfly fever has historically been considered a disease of military importance due to its ability to quickly incapacitate naive military formations in areas where the virus is endemic.
The most remarkable laboratory findings related with
sandfly fever include leukopenia, lymphopenia, monocytosis, thrombocytopenia, increased liver function tests and increased CK level (5, 6).
During World War II,
sandfly fever affected great numbers of foreign soldiers in all Mediterranean region and Balkan countries during the summer seasons, when sand fly activity peaks (17).
Neutralization-based seroprevalence of Toscana virus and
sandfly fever Sicilian virus in dogs and cats from Portugal.
During deployment, the troops showed the highest seroconversion rates for
sandfly fever virus (3.1%) and rickettsiae (2.7%).
Leishmaniasis,
sandfly fever and phlebotomine sandflies in Greece: an annotated bibliography.
Pairwise comparison demonstrated the following: 1) all TOSV S segments were highly conserved; 2) the L segment demonstrated less conservation than the N gene at the nucleotide or deduced amino acid levels; 3) TOSV M segments were the most divergent; and 4) variation in M segments was higher than that among RVFV strains but less pronounced than that within the group of
sandfly fever Sicilian viruses or
sandfly fever Naples viruses (Table).
Sandfly fever due to Toscana virus: an emerging infection in southern France.
To determine whether
sandfly fever Sicilian virus (SFSV) is present in Algeria, we tested sandflies for phlebovirus RNA.
(8.) Nicoletti L, Ciufolini MG, Verani R
Sandfly fever viruses in Italy.
Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences (Figure 2A) showed that Spanish, French, and Italian TOSV and SFNV formed a cluster that included members of the species
Sandfly fever Naples virus, for which genetic data were available.