ret·ro·pos·on

(ret'rō-pōz'on),

1. A transposition of sequences in a DNA that does not originate in the DNA but rather in an mRNA that is transcribed back into the genomic DNA by reverse transcription. Synonym(s): retrotransposon

2. A transposable element.

[retro- + L. pono, pp. positum, to place, + -on]

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

retrotransposon

(rĕt′rō-trăns-pō′zŏn)

A transposon copied from RNA with the use of reverse transcriptase.

retrotransposon

a type of TRANSPOSABLE GENETIC ELEMENT, found in eukaryotic genomes, that utilizes RNA as an intermediate and the enzyme REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE to transpose. Reverse transcription of the RNA transcripts of the transposon produces a DNA copy that subsequently inserts into the GENOME to effect transposition. Retrotransposons may be degenerate RETROVIRUSES.

Collins Dictionary of Biology, 3rd ed. © W. G. Hale, V. A. Saunders, J. P. Margham 2005

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References in periodicals archive

Retrotransposons can act as molecular markers because they have conserved sequences and their replication leads to polymorphism in genomes.

Short Communication - Diversity of Retrotransposons (Ty3-gypsy, LINEs and Ty1-copia) in Sordaria fimicola

The research team found that an important class of retrotransposons, called L1, can escape from cellular control and begin to replicate in both senescent human cells -- old cells that no longer divide -- and old mice.

HIV drug could treat Alzheimer's finds new study

Cognitive function related to the Sirh11/Zcchc16 gene acquired from an LTR retrotransposon in Eutherians.

The identification of novel regions for reproduction trait in Landrace and Large White pigs using a single step genome-wide association study

Repetitive DNA--specifically, transposable elements (TEs)--constitutes at least 45% of the human genome, wherein the fraction of long interspersed nucleotide element (LINE) retrotransposons is 17% [1].

Transposable Elements in the Organization and Diversification of the Genome of Aegilops speltoides Tausch (Poaceae, Triticeae)

retrotransposons are epigenetically silenced; however, when the

Forensic individual age estimation with DNA: From initial approaches to methylation tests

In Arabidopsis, retrotransposons and transposons are activated during heat stress and are regulated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) (Matsunata et al., 2015).

Early transcriptional responses during heat Stress in the Coral Acropora hyacinthus

Targeting of human retrotransposon integration is directed by the specificity of the L1 endonuclease for regions of unusual DNA structure.

The Human Long Interspersed Element-1 Retrotransposon: An Emerging Biomarker of Neoplasia

Metodos: Se realizo un analisis en 30 poblaciones de frijol comun de guia con datos moleculares obtenidos con el marcador ISTR (Inverse Sequence Tagged Repeat), basado en secuencias de retrotransposones copia-like.

Relaciones geneticas basadas en marcadores ISTR entre formas silvestres, cultivadas e intermedias de frijol de guia colectado en Jalisco, Mexico/Genetic relationships based on ISTR markers among wild, domesticated and intermediate forms of climbing bean from Jalisco, Mexico

Retrotransposon movements could lead to major genome rearrangements because of their special transposition mechanism and may be used to analyze differences between species as a marker system.

Retrotransposon Marker Systems as a Tool to Analyze Molecular Diversity of Mediterranean Pistacia Species

A novel L1 retrotransposon marker for HeLa cell line identification, BioTechniques 46(4): 277-84.

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