Recently, the techniques of testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) have made it possible to help men with azoospermia or severe
oligozoospermia to achieve successful fertilizations and pregnancies (10).
Y chromosome microdeletions were detected in roughly 12.1% (95% CI, 6.5-21.5) of Iranian infertile men with azoospermia and severe
oligozoospermia (Figure 2).
Ring chromosome may affect the AZF regions of Y chromosome resulting in testicular failure with azoospermia or
oligozoospermia. (12)
Oligozoospermia with less than normal morphological features, was grouped as oligoteratozoospermia (OAT) and when all sperm characteristics were abnormal, the group was oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (SOAT).
Moreover, TNFR-1 36G allele is more found in
oligozoospermia associated to a decrease of sperm concentration [80].
Em uma meta-analise incluindo 21 estudos, resultando em uma amostra de 13077 homens frequentadores gerais de clinicas de fertilidade, comparado com homens eutroficos, os obesos com graus menores (IMC 30-39,9 kg/[m.sup.2]) e obesos morbidos tiveram mais chance de terem
oligozoospermia ou azoospermia (OR 1,28 e 2,04 respectivamente), assim aumentando a prevalencia de tais parametros (Sermondade e colaboradores, 2013).
A comparison of the frequency of sperm chromosome abnormalities in men with mild, moderate, and severe
oligozoospermia. Biol Reprod 69:535-539.
Light micrograph of sildenafil treated rabbit demonstrating
oligozoospermia (star).
Analysis of the relationship between defective sperm function and the generation of reactive oxygen species in cases of
oligozoospermia. J Androl.
Main causes of male infertility include low sperm count (azoospermia and
oligozoospermia), poor vitality (necrozoospermia), low motility (asthenozoospermia), low DNA integrity, and abnormal sperm morphology (teratospermia) (4, 5).