antrum

[an´trum] (pl. an´tra, antrums) (L.)

a cavity or chamber. adj., adj an´tral.

antrum of Highmore maxillary sinus.

mastoid antrum an air space in the mastoid portion of the temporal bone communicating with the middle ear and the mastoid cells.

antrum maxilla´re (maxillary antrum) maxillary sinus.

pyloric antrum (antrum pylo´ricum) the proximal, expanded portion of the pyloric part of the stomach.

tympanic antrum (antrum tympa´nicum) mastoid antrum.

mas·toid an·trum

[TA]

a cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, communicating posteriorly with the mastoid cells and anteriorly with the epitympanic recess of the middle ear via the aditus to the mastoid antrum.

Synonym(s): antrum mastoideum [TA], tympanic antrum, Valsalva antrum

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

mas·toid an·trum

(mas'toyd an'trŭm) [TA]

A cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, communicating posteriorly with the mastoid cells and anteriorly with the epitympanic recess of the middle ear via the aperture of the mastoid antrum.

Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012

Valsalva,

Antonio M., Italian anatomist, 1666-1723.

aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva - a congenital thin-walled tubular out-pouching usually in the right or noncoronary sinus with an entirely intracardiac course.

teniae of Valsalva - the three bands in which the longitudinal muscular fibers of the large intestine, except the rectum, are collected. Synonym(s): teniae coli

Valsalva antrum - a cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone. Synonym(s): mastoid antrum

Valsalva ligaments - the three ligaments that attach the auricle to the side of the head. Synonym(s): auricular ligaments

Valsalva maneuver - any forced expiratory effort against a closed airway.

Valsalva muscle - a band of vertical muscular fibers on the outer surface of the tragus of the ear. Synonym(s): tragicus muscle

Valsalva sinus - the space between the superior aspect of each cusp of the aortic valve and the dilated portion of the wall of the ascending aorta. Synonym(s): aortic sinus

Valsalva test - when the heart is monitored during the Valsalva maneuver, there is a characteristic complex sequence of cardiocirculatory events, departure from which indicates disease or malfunction.

Medical Eponyms © Farlex 2012

mas·toid an·trum

(mas'toyd an'trŭm) [TA]

A cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, communicating posteriorly with the mastoid cells and anteriorly with the epitympanic recess of the middle ear via the aditus to the mastoid antrum.
Synonym(s): antrum mastoideum.

Medical Dictionary for the Dental Professions © Farlex 2012

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References in periodicals archive

Mucosal thickenings with CT low dense collections noted in right mastoid antrum and remained mastoid air cells.

Gaurano JL and Joharjy IA (2004) studied characteristic HRCT findings in 64 cases of middle ear cholesteatoma and found non-dependent soft tissue density lesion along with 59 (92%) had expansion of the aditus and mastoid antrum, 59 (92%) had ossicular chain erosion, 55 (86%) had eroded scutum, 55 (86%) had eroded facial canal, 48 (75%) had tegmen erosion and 63 (98%) had erosion of the antral walls.2 These findings are almost equivalent in our study, but we are observing more cases of scutum erosion and less number of facial nerve canal and ossicular chain erosions.

According to Mafee et al., the hallmark of cholesteatoma on HRCT is a soft tissue mass in attic and mastoid antrum associated with smooth bony expansion, scalloping of mastoid, erosion of lateral wall of attic (Scutum) and erosion of ossicles.

Role of high resolution computed Tomography in the evaluation of Suppurative diseases of middle ear and mastoids and their complications with surgical correlation

age (yr) Site complaint 1 F/14 Squamous portion Swelling in the left of the temporal bone temporal region 2 F/15 Mastoid antrum None (found in the mastoid antrum during cortical mastoidectomy) 3 F/12 Mastoid portion Swelling in the of the temporal bone mastoid region 4 F/15 Mastoid portion Swelling in the of the temporal bone mastoid region 5 M/14 Mastoid portion Swelling in the of the temporal bone mastoid region 6 F/12 External auditory Swelling in the EAC canal (EAC) 7 M/15 EAC Decreased hearing 8 M/12 EAC None (found during removal of impacted wax) 9 M/14 EAC None (found during routine examination) Duration of Pt.

Characteristics of osteoma of the temporal bone in young adolescents

Also the extent of disease involving the mastoid air cells and mastoid antrum is well appreciated with HRCT.

A comparative study of plain x-ray mastoids with HRCT temporal bone in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media

In contrast, the left middle ear was well developed and aerated, with a normal ossicular chain, and the mastoid antrum also was well developed and aerated.

Pneumatization of the middle ear begins at week 29 and continues to week 34, when the process expands posteriorly to form the mastoid antrum. (3)

The role of the mastoid antrum in the developing ear is still controversial.

In a histologic study of the temporal bones of newborns, conducted by Valtonen and Karmody, the mastoid antrum was noted to be present in all subjects, without significant differences for age, gender, or laterality (right versus left).

Saleh et al reported the asymmetric absence of the mastoid antrum in an adult with chronic otitis media.

Agenesis of the mastoid antrum has surgical implications because failure to recognize its absence can result in disorientation during mastoid surgery, with potential to injure the lateral semicircular canal and/ or the facial nerve.

Asymmetric agenesis of the mastoid antrum in a neonate

The disease was meticulously cleared from the middle ear and mastoid antrum. After the granulation tissue was cleared from the fistulae, they were sealed with bone wax.

Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea presenting in complicated chronic suppurative otitis media