Terrorist groups and transnational criminal organizations (TCOs) operate globally and either survive in the shadows of
authoritarian governments or work directly with them.
The best example of this sad state of affairs is Hungary, which this week took the final step towards a (competitive)
authoritarian regime, by abolishing independent judicial control on the government.
Authoritarian populism presents as though it is the guardian of democracy: that it is protecting, upholding and promoting democracy, physical and social borders, the national interest, individual freedoms and protecting the rights of the majority from the oppression of the minority.
The questionnaire contains 30 items (10 items for each parenting style), and is used to measure the three parenting styles according to Baumrind's conceptualizations:
authoritarian (e.g., "As I was growing up my parents did not allow me to question any decision they had made"), authoritative (e.g., "As I was growing up, once family policy had been established, my father / mother discussed the reasoning behind the policy with the children in the family", and permissive (e.g., "As I was growing up my father / mother seldom gave me expectations and guidelines for my behavior").
In
authoritarian parenting, the parents do not provide warmth, involvement and nurturance to their child.
With hindsight, we can see the misconception that took hold at the end of the Cold War, when conventional analysis assumed that
authoritarian regimes would liberalize and democratize.
'This government says it is not
authoritarian, but it is on the edge,' he said.
Keywords:
Authoritarian Parenting, Academic Performance, Students, School
Results of the study revealed that
authoritarian is the most perceived while permissive is the least perceived parenting style among secondary school students.
New research in Public Opinion Quarterly identifies what could be a significant factor fueling this rise: Americans'
authoritarian tendencies.
Consequently, many closed or hegemonic
authoritarian governments felt the pressure to either leave the political arena or to reform their way of ruling and their institutions.
Caraway, Maria Lorena Cook, and Stephen Crowley eds., Working Through the Past: Labor and
Authoritarian Legacies in Comparative Perspective (Ithaca: Cornell University Press 2015)