To control the measurement of normal appendix, individuals without any of the following conditions that may have had an indirect effect on
appendiceal HU value were included: pelvic inflammatory disease, inflammatory bowel disease, significant pelvic fluid or ascites, and any inflammatory changes due to other causes in the right lower quadrant.
These neoplasms typically occur in the 6th decade of life and are only found in 0.2-0.7% of adult
appendiceal histology specimens.
Mucinous lesions of appendix ranged from Mucocele, Low grade
appendiceal mucinous neoplasm and Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix.
Fecaliths or inflammatory hypertrophy of the lymph nodes is a major cause of proximal
appendiceal lumen obstruction that may lead to impaired blood supply of the appendix followed by rapid multiplication of resident bacteria of the appendix and bacterial endotoxin release (8).
Appendiceal lumen was completely obstructed in 3 patients (12.5%), while the lumen seemed to be narrower due to extensive lymphoid hyperplasia in another 3 cases (12.5%).
Despite the morphologic overlap, some distinct clinical and pathologic features should raise the possibility of a metastatic low grade
appendiceal mucinous neoplasm on frozen section: bilateral ovarian involvement; associated pseudomyxoma peritonei; numerous large, confluent foci of pseudomyxoma ovarii; scalloped glands lined by tall, columnar tumor cells; and presence of subepithelial clefts.
Moreover, acute appendicitis typically occurs in the
appendiceal stump and can occur at any age and even long years after the initial appendectomy.
Appendiceal stump was thenpushed inside the abdomen.
Three additional patients in the study, with
appendiceal cancer, esophageal cancer and sarcoma, respectively, have had periods of stable disease lasting for at least 18 weeks following the start of treatment.
To understand why some patients with appendix cancer respond to standard treatment while others do not, researchers at the University of California performed genetic profiling on
appendiceal tumors to compare mutations present in both cancer types.
The WHO considers any neoplastic proliferation confined to the
appendiceal mucosa to be an adenoma.