Structures of the human
pyruvate dehydrogenase complex cores: a highly conserved catalytic center with flexible N-terminal domains.
Differing roles of
pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases during mouse oocyte maturation.
Sapcariu et al., "Pro-inflammatory macrophages sustain pyruvate oxidation through
pyruvate dehydrogenase for the synthesis of Itaconate and to enable cytokine expression," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.
Tsai, "Induction of
pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-3 by hypoxiainducible factor-1 promotes metabolic switch and drug resistance," The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.
Evidence for existence of tissue-specific regulation of the mammalian
pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
Dang, "Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and dysregulated c-Myc cooperatively induce vascular endothelial growth factor and metabolic switches hexokinase 2 and
pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1," Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase, a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (Bergquist et al.
Two separate IPG were purified from rat liver: one (containing DCI and galactosamine) was able to activate
pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase and the second (containing MI and glucosamine) was able to inhibit cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) kinase and adenylate cyclase, both regulatory enzymes in FFA metabolism [47].
(15) Increased levels of proinflammatory cytokine by IAV infection, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-o, interleukin (IL) 6, and IL-1[beta] (i.e., cytokine storm), suppresses mitochondrial energy homeostasis through up-regulation of
pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)-4 in various organs with the exception of the brain.
The LBE treated cells showed a specific increase in expression of PPAR target gene expression, including fatty acid binding protein 4, fatty acid transport protein 4, CD36 molecule,
pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4, liver X receptor alpha and lipogenic stearoyl-CoA desaturase.
Insulin stimulates glycolysis by activating the rate limiting enzymes, phosphofructokinase and
pyruvate dehydrogenase [6].