On the importance of the Golden Rule, see Domenec Mele, "Integrating Personalism into
Virtue-Based Business Ethics: The Personalist and the Common Good Principles," Journal of Business Ethics 88 (2009): 227-44.
Virtue-based moral cognitivism holds that at least some of the value of some art consists in conveying knowledge about the nature of virtue and vice.
Many theologians have used a
virtue-based method to answer the challenge put forward in the decree on priestly training (Optatam totius) at the Second Vatican Council that moral theology should "be nourished more on the teaching of the Bible" and "shed light on the loftiness of the calling of the faithful in Christ" (16).
More persuasive is the discussion of the "massive decline of confessional practice" in recent years, a decline that Cornwell reads in terms of lay resistance to the church's focus on sexual sins, for example, and also as a desire for a more communal and
virtue-based faith, as opposed to a sin-based one (209).
Virtue-based ethical theory presents itself as the next logical alternative because it provides a basis for an internalized system for individuals' ethical reasoning.
Another challenge with
virtue-based ethical systems is the question of what the "right" sort of character a person should have.
Local gays who have physiological and psychological issues should be treated appropriately so that they can become good citizens and reintegrate in society while non-Kuwaiti gays should be deported promptly, particularly that our
virtue-based society has zero tolerance for them," Al Azimi who heads a national commission to resist "negative phenomena", said.
In Bounding Thinking, Morton emphasizes how our
virtue-based vocabulary and evaluation practices recognize, engage, and work with our cognitive limitations.
Despite the need for greater development of hands-on application of aretism for practitioners, the book broadens educators' perspectives and provides another avenue for the incorporation of
virtue-based ethics.
13) In her book entitled Ethics: Humans and Other Animals, Hurst-house illustrates how
virtue-based arguments can be used to oppose certain ways of treating animals such as using animals for scientific experiments and fox-hunting for sport.
Morgan presents us with a fresh and new
virtue-based positive paradigm for conflict resolution.
A
virtue-based definition of love would also support integrative work that seeks to pull together the threads of Positive Psychology research into a whole.
