The keyword ("aquaporin," "major intrinsic protein" "
tonoplast intrinsic protein" "plasma membrane intrinsic protein" "small basic intrinsic protein" "nodulin-26-like intrinsic protein," "PIP," "TIP," "NIP," "SIP") searches in the EST annotation identified 1,347 ESTs, while the "water transport" GO expression identified 342 ESTs (Figure 1).
Modulation by Cytosolic Components of Proton Pump Activities in Plasma Membrane and
Tonoplast from Cucumis sativus Roots During Salt Stress.
> 700 kD in higher plants, a highly abundant protein making up to 6.5-35% of the total
tonoplast protein in different species [4,26,43].
Chrispeels, "The plasma membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana contains a mercury-insensitive aquaporin that is a homolog of the
tonoplast water channel protein TIP," Plant Physiology, vol.
Proteomic analysis of plasma membrane and
tonoplast from the leaves of mangrove plant Avicennia officinalis.
Abbreviations: AQP, aquaporin; ar/R, aromatic-arginine selectivity filter; Arg, arginine; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; BIB, big brain; Eglp, entomoglyceroporin; Ga, billions of years ago; GIP, GlpF-like intrinsic protein; Glp, aquaglyceroporin; HGT, horizontal gene transfer; HIP, hybrid intrinsic protein; His, histidine; Leu, leucine; LHIP, Lygus hesperus integral protein-like channel; NIP, plant nodulin 26-like integral protein; NPA, asparagine-proline-alanine; NPC, asparagine-proline-cysteine; PIP, plasma membrane intrinsic protein; RPIP, Rhodnius prolixus integral protein-like channel; SIP, small basic intrinsic protein; TIP, plant
tonoplast intrinsic protein; TMD, transmembrane domain; Trp, tryptophan; XIP, X intrinsic protein; WGD, whole genome duplication.
It is possible that transport of complexed As (III) or even free As (III) across the
tonoplast membrane is a potentially the rate-limiting step in overall arsenic tolerance and accumulation.
The cotton GhNHX1 gene encoding a novel putative
tonoplast [Na.sup.+]/H+ antiporter plays an important role in salt stress.
(1996), the cell pro-embryos may be covered by vacuolated cytoplasm that can exist only in a small space between the plasma membrane and the
tonoplast. Stein et al.
Characterization and expression of plasma and
tonoplast membrane aquaporins in primed seed of Brassica napus during germination under stress conditions, Plant Mol.
These authors suggest that a possible dysfunction in the cellular membranes alters the osmotic gradient of the
tonoplast.
vacuole: Aqueous cavity within the cytoplasm and surrounded by the
tonoplast that stores low molecular weight ions and molecules.
