The aqueous extract at doses of 1600 and 3200 mg/kg significantly protected 42.86 and 71.43% of the mice from
tonic seizure (P < 0.001) (table 1).
In particular, methanol and aqueous extracts were effective against
tonic seizure, but methanol extract was more active in generalized seizure or myoclonus; these results suggest more concentrated presence of flavonoids such as quercetin implicate major anticonvulsant response.
Other varieties seen were complex partial seizures with or without automatisms, generalised
tonic seizures and complex partial seizures with secondary generalisation.
Tonic seizures were classified when neonates showed sustained flexion and extension of extremities and myoclonic seizures were classified when neonates showed lightning fast jerky movements of upper or lower limbs.
Focal clonic and generalized
tonic seizures were identified as significant risk factors for the development of epilepsy [OR values, 5.918, 95% CI (1.241-28.221), p=0.026 and 11.8, 95% CI (1.466-95.526), p=0.02].
The late forms of chronic seizures can appear as
tonic seizures, myoclonic jerks, infantile spasms, multifocal epileptiform activity, or hypsarrhythmia on EEG.
Overall, 80% of children will develop
tonic seizures, 65% atonic seizures, 60% atypical absences and 55% tonic-clonic seizures (7).
It is followed by, an intermediate stage with infantile spasms, and a late stage with multifocal, myoclonic, and
tonic seizures.6 The management involves copper histidine supplementation.7 Hence it is extremely important to identify and report as many cases of this disease as possible.
In this paper we report a patient experiencing complex partial seizures and
tonic seizures secondary to hypothalamic hamartoma displacing mammillary body.
Tonic seizures are characterized by stiffening of the muscles.
Her history revealed malaise, loss of appetite, and recurrent afebrile generalized
tonic seizures lasting for 8-10 min in the past month.
Similarly patients with generalized epilepsies such as JME exhibited bilateral asymmetric
tonic seizures or those with JAE exhibited automotor seizures and vice versa.
