Toluidine blue test for sperm DNA integrity and elaboration of image cytometry algorithm.
(20) According to Messadi, "[The
toluidine blue staining] test appears to be highly sensitive (93.5 percent to 97.8 percent) but less specific (73.3 percent to 92.9 percent), mainly because of high false-positive results." (3,20,39)
Toluidine blue staining does have limitations, including selective staining which causes some premalignant and malignant lesions to go undetected.
After that, the SPs were stained with 0.1%
toluidine blue in 1% acetic acid (Rodrigues et al., 2016).
faecalis by using methylene blue and
toluidine blue as photosensitizers combined with NaOCl or sodium chloride and a 660 nm wavelength diode laser at 40 mW power as the light source.
Types of pigments: Blues (phtholocyanine); Greens (phtholocyanine); Reds (litholrubine, red lake,
toluidine, quinacridone); Specialty (mixas, pearls); Yellow and oranges (azo, diarylide, hansa, isoindolinine)
Secondary lamellae from infected fish showed hyperplasia, bas, and tip thickening, and/or lamellar fusion (a-b: hematoxylin and eosin; c-d: Masson's trichrome); primary lamellae showed increased MCs/EGCs (arrows), monocytes (M), and lymphocytes (L) ssociated with connective tissue (e-f:
Toluidine blue).
The sensitivity and specificity of potassium permanganate and methylene blue was 100% as there were no false positive or false negative results whereas
toluidine blue, malachite green and blue ink showed few false negative results, malachite green with least sensitivity (88%) (Table 2).
According to our institute's protocol, staining the smears for 1 min with
toluidine blue followed by washing in tap water gave us satisfactory results for evaluating adequacy of the smears.
In addition, after other sections were deparaffinized, they were stained for 30s in modified
toluidine blue solution, washed in distilled water two times (5 min each), separated from excess colour in a 90% ethanol solution, dehydrated in 100% ethanol two times (5 min each), made transparent in xylene, and mounted with neutral resin.
Hand-sections were taken as close as possible to the area from which epidermal peels were taken, and then stained with
Toluidine Blue, a metachromatic stain.
Mast cell numbers were quantified using
toluidine blue staining and counting the number of
toluidine blue positive cells in 10 high-power field (h.p.f) under a 20x objective lens.
For academic interest,
toluidine blue staining was done, which showed typical metachromatism (Figure 7).
