The
theca of post-ovulatory follicles was continuous with the epithelial cell layer lining the ovigerous lamellae.
Additionally, in the present study, BMP15 and GDF9 were also expressed in the pellet of cells, where granulosa and
theca cells were expresed.
AR has been primarily localized in the
theca interna cells of preantral follicles, granulosa cells of preantral and antral follicles, and both
theca and granulosa cells of dominant follicles [104].
Very few macrophages are seen in the stroma and
theca layer of the stromal embedded follicle.
Diffuse, usually weak TNF-[alpha] expression was seen in
theca layer compared with the control group.
Granulose cells, gc;
theca cells, tc; and connective tissue, ct.
Recent studies have shown that HGF can suppress apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells and mediates the positive feedback loop between
theca cells and granulosa cells, which can promote the dramatic cell growth required for folliculogenesis [41, 42].
Meantime, this can lead to abnormal proliferation or excessive apoptosis of follicular cells such as the high LH dependent
theca cellular proliferation [67] and follicular atresia induced granulosa cell inactivation [68-70] in PCOS and depletion of oocytes pool in premature ovarian failure [71].
Hyperreactio luteinalis (HL) refers to moderate to marked cystic enlargement of the ovaries due to multiple benign
theca lutein cysts.
However, many studies indicate that GDF9 and BMP15 have critical roles in ovarian architecture of most species and are essential factors for adequate follicular development, interfering considerably in the function, growth and formation of granulosa and
theca cells during the growth of the follicle (Vitt and Hsueh, 2001; Otsuka et al., 2011).
Expression of this gene has been reported in testes, ovarian
theca cells, and H295 adrenal carcinoma cells (19).
A layer of cells (
Theca folliculi) was first appearing with spindle-shaped nucleoli and was enveloped of each oocyte (Fig.3, e).
