Surrogate motherhood arrangements (whether commercial or not) can undoubtedly cause problems.
Rather than add to the heat of the discussions of surrogacy, I will try to illuminate some of the central ethical issues involved in
surrogate motherhood. I do so, however, with some humility, recognizing that I cannot share the anguish or need that prompts infertile couples to enter into contracts with surrogate mothers.
(80.) See
Surrogate Motherhood, supra note 61; MICH.
(37.) See
Surrogate Motherhood in India, https://www.stanford.edu/group/womenscourage/Surrogacy/debate.html (last visited June 21, 2013) (outlining pros and cons of commercial surrogacy in India).
They Urgently Need Protection," Guardian, June 5, 2012, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/jun/05/india-surrogates-impoverished-die?fb=optOut; Amelia Gentleman, "India Nurtures Business of
Surrogate Motherhood." New York Times, May io, 2008; Judith Warner, "Outsourced Wombs," New York Times, Jan.
Mr and Mrs A also enquire whether Miss B has the right to terminate the
surrogate motherhood agreement, should DrX be able to assist them, and what their rights in respect of a valid
surrogate motherhood agreement are.
Drawing upon independent research as well as interviews with top reproductive scientists, she reveals the inner workings of market segments such as
surrogate motherhood, adoption, stem cell research, and human cloning.
* formation of animal-human hybrids; post-mortem harvesting of sperm and ova; sex-selection of embryos, in order to diagnose or treat (read abort) a sex linked disorder or disease; and
surrogate motherhood.
The pressures of
surrogate motherhood take their toll and Helen is fired, moves to Queens where Helen and takes up a new position at a car salesroom run by Mickey Massey (Hector Elizondo).
The Assisted Human Reproduction Act bans human cloning, sex selection, commercial
surrogate motherhood contracts, the sale of sperm and eggs, and sets out rules on human embryonic stem-cell research.
(2) The legal mother in gestational
surrogate motherhood could be the egg donor, the intended mother, the birth mother or some combination thereof.
Unfortunately, the country does not yet have a legal framework for
surrogate motherhood. The traditional or conventional notion of a mother is one who conceives, bears and delivers a child, either by normal or C-section procedure.