In the
supraliminal experiment, we analyzed the error proportions for both trait and situational probes in a one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with three levels (stereotype label: consistent vs.
Differential effect of subliminal and
supraliminal accessory stimulation on task components in problem solving.
This series of experiments shows that priming can influence expectations of success, but not performance, which may be due to the use of subliminal priming, which is often weaker than
supraliminal priming.
Using the lexical decision task to study the specifics of perceiving word homonyms, Marcel discovered that with
supraliminal presentation, unperceived meanings of polysemantic words cause a negative priming-effect (i.e., they complicate the identification of words associated with them), whereas with subliminal presentation both meanings of the word homonyms cause a positive priming-effect (facilitating the identification of words associated with them).
The fact that, even under
supraliminal conditions, this does not appear to occur (e.g.
It utilized a bio-physiological theoretical position regarding retinal summation of the subliminal and
supraliminal stimuli.
Below the threshold of the ordinary, or "
supraliminal," consciousness, occurred psychical action that he called subliminal.
difference between
supraliminal and subliminal advertising.
Even though he did not use the term much himself, dissociation is clearly what he had in mind when he introduced the notion of the secondary self, which can function independently of the primary personality or
supraliminal consciousness.
After subliminal or
supraliminal presentation of a stimuli, the central emotion perception and processing stages follow as: (1) the identification of stimulus significance, with or without awareness; (2) the generation of an afective state, which is manifested in emotion expression and behavioral response; and (3) up or down regulation paths of the affective state and identification process.
In previous studies researchers have reported that positive affect increases, and negative affect decreases, reliance on stereotypes (Krauth-Gruber & Ric, 2000; Park & Banaji, 2000), but this effect is dependent upon the
supraliminal levels of affect.
Today, much of these phenomena are explained in terms of incidental behavioral priming, in which
supraliminal stimuli (i.e., stimuli that one is aware of) influence one systematically, but in ways that one is unaware of (see review in Morsella & Bargh, 2011).
