submetacentric chromosome

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Related to submetacentric chromosome: telocentric chromosome, centromeric, acrocentric chromosome

sub·met·a·cen·tric chro·mo·some

a chromosome with the centromere so placed that it divides the chromosome into two arms of strikingly unequal length.

chromosome

in animal cells, a structure in the nucleus, containing a linear thread of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which transmits genetic information and is associated with ribonucleic acid and histones.

During cell division the material composing the chromosome is compactly coiled, making it visible with appropriate staining and permitting its movement in the cell with minimal entanglement. Each organism of a species is normally characterized by the same number of chromosomes in its somatic cells. The diploid numbers (number of total chromosomes per cell) are cattle—60, sheep—54, horse—64, donkey—62, pig—38, dog—78, cat—38, human—46. The chromosomes are arranged in pairs and one of the pairs is the sex chromosomes (XX or XY), which determines the sex of the organism. See also heredity.

compound chromosome

a genetic engineering procedure which produces two chromosomes in one of which the left arms of the two original chromosomes are joined together and the two original right arms are also joined together; used in genetic control of insect populations.

homologous c's

the chromosomes of a matching pair in the diploid complement that contain alleles of specific genes.

lampbrush chromosome

so named because of the bristling appearance given them by many open loops of chromatin along the extended chromosome.

ring chromosome

a chromosome in which both ends have been lost (deletion) and the two broken ends have reunited to form a ring-shaped figure.

sex c's

the chromosomes responsible for determination of the sex of the individual that develops from a zygote, in mammals constituting an unequal pair, the X and the Y chromosome.

somatic chromosome

autosome.

submetacentric chromosome

see submetacentric.

W chromosome

sex chromosome in animals such as poultry in which the female is the heterogametic state, the male has the ZZ genotype and the female the ZW genotype.

X chromosome

the female sex chromosome, being carried by half the male gametes and all female gametes; female diploid cells have two X chromosomes, the male has the XY genotype.

Y chromosome

the male sex chromosome, being carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes; male diploid cells have an X and a Y chromosome; females carry the XX genotype.

Z chromosome

sex chromosome in animals, such as poultry, in which the female is the heterogametic sex; the male has the ZZ genotype and the female the ZW genotype.

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References in periodicals archive ?

C-bands produced by barium hydroxide using propidium iodide were observed in telomeres of the short arms of a large metacentric chromosome (chromosome pair 3) and in the short arms of a submetacentric chromosome (chromosome pair 5).

Cytogenetic characterization of the dwarf oyster Ostrea stentina (mollusca: bivalvia) and comparative karyological analysis within ostreinae

Notropis Notropis Notropis greenei rubellus tristis Number of specimens examined 3 3 5 Number of metaphases examined 152 145 91 Number of (haploid) NOR chromosomes 1 1 1 NOR chromosome phenotype* D D D *NOR chromosome phenotype (after Gold and Amemiya, 1986; Amemiya and Gold, 1988): D, NOR terminal on the short arm of a medium-sized submetacentric chromosome.

Standard and nor-stained karyotypes of three species of north American cyprinid fishes

A submetacentric chromosome with an interstitial band midway between the telomeric band and the centromeric band; there were no interstitial bands located on the long arms, although occasionally a tertiary constriction can be found on the long arms of the chromosomes.

Chromosomal polymorphism as detected by C-banding patterns in Chilean alfalfa germplasm (1). (Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics)

7 serves as a dividing point between metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes, therefore, the No.

Karyotypes of diploid and triploid Mercenaria mercenaria (Linnaeus)

8S-28S rDNA clusters was found in the terminal region of the long arms of two pairs of submetacentric chromosomes (4, 11 and 2, 4 respectively).

Karyotype analysis and chromosomal localization by fish of ribosomal DNA, telomeric [(TTAGGG).sub.N] and [(GATA).sub.N] repeats in Haliotis fulgens and H. corrugata (archeogastropoda: haliotidae)

The other species showed only one pair of submetacentric chromosomes with NOR sites on the short arms.

Karyotypic diversity among three species of the genus Astyanax (Characiformes: Characidae)/Diversidade cariotipica entre tres especies do genero Astyanax (Characiformes, Characidae)

nigra has, beyond the X-autosome fusion, a second one, involving a long acrocentric autosome (the third in size among the medium-sized group), giving rise to a pair of submetacentric chromosomes that is the largest of the complement.

The chromosomes and the sex determining mechanism of Scaphura nigra (Orthoptera, Ensifera, Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae)

Both species revealed predominately metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes and a SDCS of the X/XX type.

Chromosomes of Crossopriza lyoni (Blackwall 1867), intraindividual numerical chromosome variation in Physocyclus globosus (Taczanowski 1874), and the distribution pattern of NORs (Araneomorphae, Haplogynae, Pholcidae)

irradians, 5st + 11t, contained only subtelocentric and telocentric chromosomes and no metacentric or submetacentric chromosomes (Table 2).

Chromosomal rearrangement in Pectinidae revealed by rRNA loci and implications for bivalve evolution

inermis consisted of 42 metacentric chromosomes (Groups I, II, III, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, XI), eight submetacentric chromosomes (Groups IV, X, XII) and six chromosomes with satellites including two pair with large satellites and one pair with small satellites.

C-banding analyses of Bromus inermis genomes

A major caveat to our hypothesis, however, is that notropin complements contain several pair of medium-sized submetacentric chromosomes (that is, D chromosomes) and relatively few of the D NOR chromosomes have been rigorously tested for homology.

Chromosomal nor phenotypes of two species of North American cyprinid fishes (Cyprinidae: Teleostei)

The karyotype of specimens from Botumirim (MN 65150, MN 65151, MN 67465, MN 67466, and MN 67467), the southern population sample, had 2n = 52 and NF = 94, and was comprised of 22 pairs of metacentric/ submetacentric chromosomes, and three pairs of acrocentrics.

Diferenciacao cromossomica em Kerodon rupestris (Rodentia: Caviidae) da regiao semiarida brasileira