These include hereditary spherocytosis (HS), hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) and hereditary stomatocytosis (HSt).
(LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; MCV = mean cell volume; MCHC = mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration; Hb = haemoglobin; HS = hereditary spherocytosis; HE = hereditary elliptocytosis; HPP = hereditary pyropoikilocytosis; SAO = South East-Asian ovalocytosis; HSt = hereditary stomatocytosis; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; EMA = eosin-5'-maleimide; G6PD = glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.)
Dehydrated stomatocytosis, also known as hereditary xerocytosis (HX, OMIM 194380), is the most frequent variant of hereditary stomatocytoses, a group of rare disorders characterized by a leak of monovalent cations ([Na.sup.+] and [K.sup.+]) from the red blood cells (RBCs) [1,2].
Because PK deficiency is an autosomal recessive disease this finding allowed excluding the previous diagnosis of PK deficiency and prompted us to investigate other causes of haemolysis in this family; the RBC morphology, the apparent dominant transmission, and the history of DVT in the splenectomised patient were suggestive of hereditary stomatocytosis.
Acquired
stomatocytosis is associated with recent excessive alcohol and resolves within two weeks of alcohol withdrawal.
In healthy people, stomatocytes account for less than 5 percent of the RBCs, whereas more than 25 percent of alcoholics exhibit an increased proportion of stomatocytes in the blood (i.e.,
stomatocytosis).
While patients with thalassemia major need chronic blood transfusion, some of the patients with hereditary xerocytosis and
stomatocytosis may be asymptomatic for a life time.
Thus the present article shows the results of using inorganic erythrocytes in simulating of such hematological abnormalities as microspherocytosis, elliptocytosis, stomatocytosis, acanthocytosis and some haemoglobinopathies.
However, as the morphometric characteristics of inorganic cells are homeomorphic to the ones of normal blood cells (morphometric characteristic of elliptocytosis is an affine transformation of the morphometric characteristic of normal erythrocytes, while stomatocytosis in this transformation takes place only in its central zone), the nature of initiation is not clear.
Mechanisms of amphipath-induced
stomatocytosis in human erythrocytes.
1505's peripheral blood collected pretest (July 9, 2001) and stained with Wright stain (Hema-Tek 2000, Bayer Corporation, Wright Stain Pak, Curtin Matheson Scientific Inc., Houston, TX, USA), erythrocytic morphologic changes (moderate to marked
stomatocytosis, punctate discoloration, or polychromatophilic aggregation) suggestive of a hemotropic parasite were observed (Figure 1).