The hyoid myotomy operation involves moving the hyoid bone forward, detaching the muscles (
sternohyoid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid and stylohyoid) and fixating the hyoid bone to the thyroid cartilage with non-resorbable sutures.
The medial edges of the
sternohyoid muscles were sutured to the fascia of the dorsolateral-lateral aspect of the trachea to decrease the tension on the skin to mucosa anastomosis and thereby decrease the tendency for dehiscence.
Vocalise patterns that involve bridging out of falsetto into full voice, particularly on /u/, which tends to have a lower laryngeal position, can be very helpful for developing the extrinsic stabilizing muscles (omohyoid,
sternohyoid, sternothyroid).
The trachea was exposed by bluntly teasing out the
sternohyoid muscle, and the endotracheal tube was inserted.
The
sternohyoid and sternocephalicus muscles were opposed by simple continuous sutures by chromic catgut no.1 and subcutaneous tissues were closed in same manner.
The
sternohyoid muscle was separated and the sternothyroid muscle was mobilized to provide room for a dissection plane.
After reflecting the
sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles the thyroid gland was exposed.
Both common carotid arteries were exposed over a midline incision, and a dissection was made between the sternocleidomastoid and the
sternohyoid muscles parallel to the trachea.
Normally, the diameter of the upper airway increases during inhalation and decreases during exhalation, The changes in upper airway diameter during respiration is thought to primarily result from increased activation (during inhalation) and decreased activation (during exhalation) of pharyngeal dilator muscles such as the geniohyoid,
sternohyoid, genioglossus, and stylopharyngeus muscles.
Important dynamic stabilizers consist of the sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, strap muscles (
sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, and the omohyoid), and paraspinal muscles.
Contraction of the
sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles can lead to a rise in subglottic pressure, shortened cricothyroid distance, lengthening of the vocal folds, and a resultant increase in frequency and intensity, for example.
Both
sternohyoid & sternothyroid muscles take origin from posterior aspect of manubrium of sternum.
