The squamosal and quadrate are massivelly-built bones (Figures 3, 4A and B).
vitae and the other derived brachauchenines are distinguished from this basal polytomy by the absence of a postorbital-squamosal contact [42.1], the squamosal anterior extension significantly posterior to the postorbital bar [57.1], the parasphenoid terminating just anterior to the basisphenoid-basioccipital contact [84.1], the absence of foramina between the maxilla and the vomer, anterior to the internal naris [90.0]; four premaxillary teeth [131.0]; teeth with a rounded or sub-rounded cross-section [139.0]; and the presence of 15 or fewer cervical vertebrae [152.0].
The posterior of the parietal and the majority of the squamosal are not preserved, and the pineal foramen cannot be identified.
Abbreviations: ar, articular; bo, basioccipital; cv, cervical vertebra; d, dentary; ec, ectopterygoid; en, external naris; f, frontal; j, jugal; la, lacrimal; mx, maxilla; or, orbit; pl, palatine; pmx, premaxilla; pof, postfrontal; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; sq, squamosal.
Included in the fossil material were dentary, parietal, frontal, squamosal, and jugal bones indistinguishable from modern Phrynosoma.
Squamosal--Temporal spines of the squamosal bone increase in length from anterior to posterior in most species of Phrynosoma (Presch, 1969), and P.
Anatomy: The skin of the head was carefully separated from underlying tissue of the female paratype in order to access certain features of the cranium because the
squamosal and frontoparietal bones suggested some useful information could be found there (Fig.
