senile plaque

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se·nile plaque

senile plaque

A histologic finding consisting of a core of extracellular amyloid with an amyloidogenic fragment (betaA4) derived from amyloid precursor protein, surrounded by a tangled spherical mass of argyrophilic cholinergic neuritis (axons/dendrites) seen in the grey matter (neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, less commonly, basal ganglia and elsewhere) in the brains of older persons, but markedly increased in Alzheimer’s disease.

se·nile plaque

(sen'il plak)

A spheric mass composed primarily of amyloid fibrils and interwoven neuronal processes, frequently, although not exclusively, observed in Alzheimer disease.
Synonym(s): neuritic plaque.

Senile plaque

—Structures composed of parts of neurons surrounding brain proteins called beta-amyloid deposits found in the brains of people with AD.

Mentioned in: Alzheimer's Disease

plaque

1. any patch or flat area.

2. a clear area of cell lysis caused by viral replication on a cell monolayer.

amniotic plaque

small, 1 to 2 inch diameter, poxlike lesion on the inside of the amnion. Constant on the bovine amnion during the middle trimester and causes no problems.

annular plaque

seen in equine lupus erythematosus panniculitis.

plaque assay

a method of quantifying the number of infectious units by inoculating serial dilutions of a viral suspension on a cell culture monolayer, overlaying with a medium containing agarose and after several days incubation, counting the number of plaques formed; recorded as plaque forming units/ml.

atheromatous plaque

a deposit of predominantly fatty material in the lining of blood vessels occurring in atherosclerosis.

bacterial plaque, dental plaque

a mass adhering to the enamel surface of a tooth, composed of a mixed colony of bacteria in an intercellular matrix of bacterial and salivary polymers and remnants of epithelial cells and leukocytes. It may cause caries, dental calculi and periodontal disease.

cutaneous plaque

an elevated, solid structure without a necrotic center, up to 1 to 2 inch diameter with an unbroken surface.

drug plaque

cutaneous, subcutaneous or subconjunctival deposits formed as a result of injection of some drugs, particularly repository steroid preparations. May be unsightly and a cause of conjunctivitis.

ear plaque

see ear plaque.

eosinophilic plaque

see eosinophilic plaque.

plaque-forming cells

see plaque assay (above).

plaque-forming count

the number of plaques formed in the plaque assay.

senile plaque

described in the brain of old dogs.

siderotic plaque

nodules observed as dry, yellow encrustations on the splenic capsule of old dogs.

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References in periodicals archive ?

The senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are involved in damaging the neurons, but the exact mechanisms of their action are still largely unknown.

Alzheimer disease and other dementias

2+] are found in the core and rims of senile plaques [36, 37] and colocalize with A[beta] [38].

Metals and Neuronal Metal Binding Proteins Implicated in Alzheimer's Disease

In these conditions microglia can produce ROS, NO, and proteolytic enzyme, enhancing the senile plaques and NFTs formation [106].

Redox Imbalance and Viral Infections in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Studies revealed that 25kDa protein fraction is a normal plasma constituent that is observed in senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and its level in the AD group is significantly lower than that of the control group (Nishiyama, 1996).

Association of Electrophoretically Resolved Low Molecular Weight Protein Fractions with Senile Dementia in Elderly People

Since many of the above-described findings can occur in non-demented elderly patients, an accurate pathologic diagnosis of AD requires information regarding the age and clinical history of the patient as well as an evaluation of the number and distribution of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.

Pathologic diagnosis of Alzheimer disease

Today, he says, it's most likely that there are two primary causes of dementia: an Alzheimer's disease type "pathology," represented by the neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques of the disease, and vascular dementia, resulting from significant changes in blood vessels in the brain.

Cardiovascular disease & Alzheimer's disease

The LI-COR Odyssey(R) Infrared Imaging System is being used as a detection platform for non-invasive screening of senile plaques in mice.

LI-COR ODYSSEY SYSTEM USED FOR IMAGING ANIMAL MODELS

Clumps of large, sticky proteins forming senile plaques have been observed in the brains of people with Alzheimer disease ever since neurologist Alois Alzheimer first described the disorder nearly a century ago.

ADDLs: a new explanation for Alzheimer disease

Another program targets spherons, tiny balls of proteins found in the human brain, which Nymox researchers believe are a major source of senile plaques, a hallmark of the disease.

NEW STUDIES BOLSTER STATIN AS ALZHEIMER'S TREATMENT

TORONTO -- The [beta]-amyloid senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles that are definitive for a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease can now be identified without the need for brain biopsy specimen.

Radiologic Tracer, PET Scan Spotlight Alzheimer's Disease

HLA-DR immunostains showed microglia in the senile plaques of 3 DS patients.

Intraneuronal A[Beta]-Amyloid Precedes Development of Amyloid Plaques in Down Syndrome

Although senile plaques represent a defining hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains their role in disease pathophysiology remains unclear.

Cox-2 activity is required for AB-dependent neuronal toxicity. (Collegiate Communications--Undergraduate)