The total augmentation was defined as the area surrounded by the access window (arrowhead), lateral and medial sinus walls, and the Schneiderian membrane (SM).
For the rest of intergroup comparisons, one-way ANOVA with post hoc Dunnett's test was used (P < 0.05); W, the region adjacent to bony window; C, the center of the augmentation; M, the region adjacent to Schneiderian membrane; NB, new bone area; RM, residual graft material area; NM, nonmineralized tissue area.
The amount of NB formation in the center of the augmented sinus and in proximity to the Schneiderian membrane appeared to be greater in BMP/NMP than in BMP and BCP.
Using NMP as an adjunct to rhBMP-2-coated BCP increased bone regeneration in the augmented sinus cavity, specifically in the center of the augmentation and the region close to the Schneiderian membrane. However, the effects were inconsistent and did not result in significant differences compared to bone substitute alone.
The Friedman test and the Wilcoxon test were used to assess differences in NBA values between the window, center, and Schneiderian membrane regions within each group.
The Schneiderian membrane was perforated in four sinuses during the operations: two in the saline group and two in the PTH group.
In some animals, thin new bone surrounding bone substitute particles was observed near the Schneiderian membrane.
Figure 6 shows the NBA values in the window, center, and Schneiderian membrane regions.
