However, unfortunately, the excision margins adjacent to the
scalenus medius muscle were positive.
Observation Sex Total Female Male Cx rib only 48 (40%) 6 (32%) 54 (39%) Cx rib and fibrous band 37 (31%) 9 (47%) 46 (33%) Cx rib and hypertrophied 7 (6%) 1 (5%) 8 (6%)
scalenus muscle Cx.
Structures in this region commonly assessed by clinicians include the cervical lymph nodes, external jugular vein, brachial plexus, SCM and
scalenus muscles.
The lateral surface of the ganglion was covered with the medial
scalenus muscle as in left side.
A moderate decrease in right lateral flexion and right rotation associated with muscular spasms (bilaterally) at the cervical paraspinal and
scalenus muscles was present.
It blends with the parietal pleura and is reinforced by the
scalenus minimus muscle.
The subclavian vein lies anteriorly, separated from the artery by anterior
scalenus as it inserts into the first rib at the tubercle of Lisfranc.
Abnormalities include: a drooping shoulder girdle, a cervical rib or fibrous band, an abnormal first rib, continual hyperabduction of the arm, or--rarely--compression of the edge of the
scalenus anterior muscle.
Surgical treatment for symptoms produced by cervical ribs and the
scalenus anticus muscle.
Other causes of brachial plexus neuropathies include compression and pinching of the nerves due to anatomical variations and clinical complications caused by clavicle fracture, thoracic outlet syndrome,
scalenus syndrome, pectoralis minor syndrome, and presence of a cervical rib (Ghefter et al, 2012).
It passes between longus colli and
scalenus anterior muscle, behind the common carotid artery and the vertebral vein through the foramina in the transverse processes of all of the cervical vertebrae except the seventh, curves medially behind the lateral mass of the atlas and enters the cranium via the foramen magnum.
The key points in both the approaches are (1) complete resection of bony, cartilaginous, and fibrous parts of (2) complete resection of the
scalenus anterior muscle at the scalene tubercle on the first rib and (3) arterial exploration and reconstruction.
