All adult females were found to be reproductively active throughout the year, either in pregnancy (51%), lactating (20%), or reproductive (29%, in the estrus or
proestrus phases of the reproductive cycle).
05) between both protocols in regards to days of recuperation for the following clinical variables: days until the next
proestrus (138 days), days until a normal echography (15 days), days until absence of vomiting (6.
A
proestrus smear primarily consisted of a predominance of nucleated epithelial cells; an estrus smear primarily consisted of anucleated cornified cells; a metestrus smear consisted of the same proportion among leukocytes, cornified, and nucleated epithelial cells; and a diestrus smear primarily consisted of a predominance of leukocytes (MARCONDES et al.
05) in the diestrus phase and a decrease in the
proestrus (p < 0.
After detecting the
proestrus phase, the female rats were distributed in pairs, in polyethylene cages, with appropriate bedding, in the presence of a male rat at the end of the afternoon.
One group was in the
proestrus phase and the second one in the estrus phase.
The 17[beta]-estradiol concentrations of one female,
proestrus 77.
Right before estrus, there is a short state called
proestrus.
This reduction in the CFU/ml is due to the removal of the irritating agent, also promoted by the increase in local immune response caused by the estrogenic phase during
proestrus and estrus.
The cycles were regarded as normal when they showed typical stages of
proestrus, estrus, met-estrus and di-estrus stages, which normally lasts for 4-6 days.
The first postpartum luteal phase can be of short duration (< 12 days), which is usually associated with lack of previous exposure to progesterone (27) or adequate estradiol during
proestrus (28).
Kisspeptin neurons in the periventricular nucleus were actived by estrogens during the
proestrus in the rat (Smith et al.
