piebald skin

pie·bald·ism

(pī-bawld'izm), [MIM*172800]

Patchy absence of the pigment of scalp hair, giving a streaked appearance; patches of vitiligo may be present in other areas due to absence of melanocytes; often transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait caused by mutation in the KIT protooncogene on 4q and may be associated with neurologic defects [MIM*172850] or eye changes [MIM*172870]. Compare: Waardenburg syndrome.

Synonym(s): cutaneous albinism, piebald skin, piebaldness

piebald skin

(1) Piebaldism, see there. 
(2) Vitiligo, see there.

pie·bald·ness

(pī'bawld-nĕs)

Patchy absence of the pigment of scalp hair, giving a streaked appearance; patches of vitiligo may be present in other areas due to the absence of melanocytes. May be associated with neurologic defects or eye changes.
Synonym(s): piebald skin, piebaldism.

skin

(skin)

STRUCTURE OF THE SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE

The organ that forms the outer surface of the body. It shields the body against infection, dehydration, and temperature changes; provides sensory information about the environment; manufactures vitamin D; and excretes salts and small amounts of urea.

Skin consists of two major divisions: the epidermis and the dermis. Depending on its location and local function, skin varies in terms of its thickness, strength, presence of hair, nails, or glands, pigmentation, vascularity, nerve supply, and keratinization. Skin may be classified as thin and hairy or thick and hairless (glabrous). Thin hairy skin covers most of the body. Glabrous skin covers the surface of the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and flexor surfaces of the digits. See: illustration; hair for illus; burn; dermatitis; dermis; eczema; epidermis; rash

alligator skin

Severe scaling of the skin with formation of thick plates resembling the hide of an alligator. See: ichthyosis

artificial skin

Human skin equivalent.

bronzed skin

Brownish hyperpigmentation of the skin, seen in Addison's disease and hemochromatosis, some cases of diabetes mellitus, and cirrhosis.

deciduous skin

Keratolysis.

elastic skin

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

foreign bodies in the skin

Objects that enter the skin accidentally or are inserted deliberately. The areas involved are cleaned carefully. Foreign material can be removed carefully piece by piece or by vigorous swabbing with gauze or a brush and a soapy solution. A sterile dressing should be used.

For removal of a small foreign body, the area is cleaned first with mild soap and warm water. A clean needle can be sterilized by heating it to a dull or bright red in a flame; this can be done with a single match. Because both ends of the needle get hot, it is wise to hold the far end in a nonconductor such as a fold of paper or a cork. The needle is allowed to cool. A black deposit on its surface should be disregarded; it is sterile carbon and does not interfere with the procedure. The needle is introduced at right angles to the direction of the sliver, and the sliver is lifted out. Most people attempt to stick the needle in the direction of the foreign body and consequently thrust many times before they manage to lift the sliver out. When the sliver is removed, an antiseptic is applied and the wound covered with a sterile dressing. Tetanus antitoxin or a tetanus booster may be required, depending on the history of immunization.

glabrous skin

Skin that does not contain hair follicles, such as that over the palms and soles.

glossy skin

Shiny appearance of the skin due to atrophy or injury to nerves.

hidebound skin

Scleroderma.

loose skin

Hypertrophy of the skin.

parchment skin

Atrophy of the skin with stretching.

photoaged skin

Skin changes caused by chronic sun exposure. This condition is prevented by avoiding suntanning and sunburning and has been treated with topical tretinoin and chemical peels.

Synonym: photodamaged skin

photodamaged skin

Photoaged skin.

piebald skin

Vitiligo.

scarf skin

The cuticle, epidermis; the outer layer of the skin.

sun-damaged skin

Photoaged skin.

tissue-engineered skin

Human skin equivalent.

true skin

Dermis.