Phytase is the only enzyme that can hydrolyze phytate (Abd El-Hack et al., 2018).
Positive results have been reported that confirm the beneficial effects of
phytase on the hydrolysis of phytic acid molecule, improving the digestibility of minerals, amino acids and energy, translating into higher nutrient utilization by broilers, and positively influencing bone ash concentration as well as increasing bone breaking strength [9-13].
Simple stomach animals mainly pig, birds (Ajith et al., 2018a) (including poultry) and fish cannot metabolize phytic acid phosphorus, because of the reason that they have very limited level of phytic acid degrading
phytase enzyme activity in their digestive system (Maenz and Classen, 1998; Cao et al., 2007; Secco et al., 2017; Ajith et al., 2019).
Snow, Baker, and Parsons (2004) investigated efficiency of 1[alpha]-OH-[D.sub.3] and
phytase in dietary containing low level of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP), the results indicated that interaction between 1[alpha]-OH-[D.sub.3] and
phytase had affirmative effects on PP release of young broilers.
Transgenic expression of
phytase in wheat endosperm increases bioavailability of iron and zinc in grains.
Phytase can be obtained from various sources, such as plants, fungi, bacteria, and the rumen of ruminant livestock.
niloticus fed plant based low phosphorus diets supplemented with microbial (yeast)
phytase. Significant improvements due to
phytase addition were found for growth, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and specific growth rate compared with control.
Sustainable agriculture can be achieved by adding
phytase to animal feeds.
Enzymes included cellulase (15000 U/g; Fine Chemical Research Institute, Tianjin City, China), saccharifying enzyme (100000 U/g; Beijing Aoboxing Biotechnology, LLC),
phytase (5000 U/g), and pectinase (10000 U/g; Shandong Sukahan Bio-technology Co., Ltd.).
The effect of citric acid and microbial
phytase on mineral utilization in broiler chicks.