Many studies have shown that some dihydrochalcone glycosides are natural low-calorie sweeteners, such as the
phlorizin, trilobatin, 3-hydroxy-phlorizin, and so on.
Normalization of blood glucose in diabetic rats with
phlorizin treatment reverses insulin-resistant glucose transport in adipose cells without restoring glucose transporter gene expression.
Li et al., "Effects of
phlorizin on diabetic retinopathy according to isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification-based proteomics in db/db mice," Molecular Vision, vol.
Semenza, "
Phlorizin as a probe of the small-intestinal Na+,d-glucose cotransporter.
Dietary flavonoid and isoflavone glycosides are hydrolysed by the lactase site of lactase
phlorizin hydrolase.
Perez-Alfocea F, Larher F (1995) Effects of
phlorizin and pchloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid on sucrose and proline accumulation in detached tomato leaves submitted to NaCl and osmotic stresses.
The fruit-based antioxidants from Cyvex Nutrition, in Irvine CA, include: AppleZin--apple extract, polyphenols with
phlorizin (5%), which supports cardiovascular health; BerryVin high ORAC berries, which support healthy blood pressure and cholesterol; BioVin 20 grape extract, 20% polyphenols; BioVin Full Spectrum Grape Extract, polyphenols free radical scavenger; BioVin Advanced--red wine extract; Euro Black Currant--25% anthocyanins for eye health; LingoNol--lingonberry extract for weight management and urinary tract support; PhytoTropic--superfruit antioxidant blend; and PomActiv--pomegranate extract, 70% ellagic acid.
rebaudiana natural products exert an inhibitory effect on monosaccharide transport in the intact rat liver, as is the case for
phlorizin and phloretin in the renal tubules (Ishii et al., 1987).
The kinetic parameters (Kii and Kis) of the intact NE G-6-Pase for the
phlorizin inhibition using glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) and M-6-P as substrates, were very similar.
Enzymes involved in this first reaction are lactase
phlorizin hydrolase (a beta-glucosidase) and/or gut microbiota-derived betaglucosidase, depending on the nature of the glycoside [2, 6].
HPLC analysis indicated that the major polyphenols in the SFE extracts consisted of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, syrigin, procyanidin B2, (-)-epicatechin, cinnamic acid, coumaric acid,
phlorizin and quercetin, of which procyanidin B2 had the highest content of 231.77 mg/kg.
Orally consumed
phlorizin is mainly converted into phloretin by hydrolytic enzymes in the small intestine, and inhibits glucose absorption by the small intestine and renal glucose reabsorption as a glucose transporter 2 inhibitor (Idris and Donnelly 2009).
