phenylephrine


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phenylephrine

 [fen″il-ef´rin]
an adrenergic with potent vasoconstrictor properties; used as the hydrochloride salt for various purposes: topically to decongest nasal and laryngeal mucous membranes or to produce mydriasis without cycloplegia; intravenously to maintain blood pressure during spinal and inhalation anesthesia, to treat vascular failure in drug-induced shock, shocklike states, and hypotension, to prolong spinal anesthesia, and to treat paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia; and orally as a component of combination antihistaminic-decongestant preparations.
Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

phenylephrine

(fĕn′əl-ĕf′rēn, fē′nəl-)
n.
An adrenergic drug, C9H13NO2, that is a powerful vasoconstrictor and is used to relieve nasal congestion, dilate the pupils, and maintain blood pressure during anesthesia.
The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007, 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

phenylephrine

A SYMPATHOMIMETIC drug used as eye drops to dilate the pupils for ophthalmic examination of the interior of the eyes. A brand name is Minims phenylephrine.
Collins Dictionary of Medicine © Robert M. Youngson 2004, 2005
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The use of phenylephrine with crystalloid co-loading or colloid preloading has not been associated with neonatal acidosis or differences in Apgar scores (14).
The Crystalloid Co-Load: Clinically as Effective as Colloid Preload for Preventing Hypotension from Spinal Anaesthesia for Caesarean Delivery
Ngan Kee et al [4] studied the combination of phenylephrine and ephedrine in different ratios given as infusion to minimise the cardiac effects of vasopressors.
EFFECT OF VASOPRESSORS ON FOETAL UMBILICAL ARTERIAL BLOOD AFTER SPINAL ANAESTHESIA FOR CAESAREAN SECTION
Recent research has shown that phenylephrine is as effective as ephedrine in prevention of maternal hypotension, nausea and vomiting and it is associated with higher umbilical blood pH with no difference in APGAR scores or neonatal outcome4-6.
PROPHYLACTIC PHENYLEPHRINE INFUSION VERSUS RESCUE BOLUSES: EFFECT ON THE PHYSICIAN INTERVENTION AND FLUID ADMINISTRATION
It is now well accepted that the best approach to spinal hypotension is by means of a combination of intravenous crystalloid co-load and phenylephrine. This is the most effective method of ensuring maternal safety and comfort and preventing neonatal acidosis.
Managing spinal hypotension during caesarean section: An update
The results of the present study indicated that the prophylactic infusion of low doses of ephedrine (10 mg) and phenylephrine (125 [micro]g) before spinal anesthesia for cesarean section, caused a significant decrease in the frequency and severity of maternal hypotension, need for vasoactive drugs, nausea, vomiting, need for antiemetic drug, and an increase in the Apgar score of neonates.
The Effect of Prophylactic Infusion of Combined Ephedrin and Phenylephrine on Maternal Hemodynamic after Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial
The addition of phenylephrine to endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded rat aortic rings produced a sustained contraction.
Possible mechanisms involved in the vasorelaxant effect produced by clobenzorex in aortic segments of rats
Many guidelines offer the choice of ephedrine or phenylephrine as the vasopressor, including the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) [23] and SA guidelines.
Recipes for obstetric spinal hypotension: the clinical context counts
TABLA 1 EFECTS OF PENTHOBARBFPAL (PB), PHENYLEPHRINE (PE) AND TACRINE (TA) ON HEART RATE PB BPM BPM CG 351 [+ o -] 5.17 (a) 273 [+ o -] 4.63 CP 348 [+ o -] 6.78 (a) 276 [+ o -] 6.33 TC 348 [+ o -] 6.24 (a) 294 [+ o -] 4.08 * TCCP 338 [+ o -] 7.70 (a) 280 [+ o -] 10.73 PE % PB BPM CG 77.9 [+ o -] 1.12 260 [+ o -] 4.98 CP 79.4 [+ o -] 1.65 265 [+ o -] 8.18 TC 85.0 [+ o -] 1.56 * 300 [+ o -] 6.93 * TCCP 81.9 [+ o -] 2.30 282 [+ o -] 12.10 TA % PB % PE CG 74.2 [+ o -] 1.45 95.6 [+ o -] 1.75 CP 77.3 [+ o -] 2.66 97.6 [+ o -] 2.20 TC 86.6 [+ o -] 2.46 * 101.9 [+ o -] 2.04 TCCP 84.3 [+ o -] 2.42 * 102.9 [+ o -] 2.58 * Data are presented as heart rate absolute numbers (BPM) or as percentage respect to PB (% PB) or to PE (% PE).
El sistema colinergico en ratas infectadas con Trypanosoma cruzi con miocardiopatia chagasica inducida por ciclofosfamida: estudio electrocardiografico
New York State guidelines on the topical use of phenylephrine in the operating room.
Unilateral mydriasis and hypertensive crisis during nasal surgery
tension with phenylephrine (SIGMA[R]) was carried out added to the organ bath in a cumulative way (10 [micron]M to 100).
Implementacion de la tecnica en organo aislado vascular como herramienta para la validacion de plantas medicinales: estudio del efecto vasodilatador de la salvia scutellarioides *
Standard dosing of pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine Dose Frequency Maximum daily dose Pseudoephedrine HCI 60mg (2 x 30mg tablets) * Every 4 to 6 hours 240mg Phenylephrine HCI 10mg Every 4 hours 60mg (1 tablet) * also available in extended-release formulations; 120mg twice daily
Meth update: know the law when it comes to retailing products containing pseudoephedrine, which can be used to manufacture illegal methamphetamine
Supporters of the bill said there are alternative products on the market-including those that contain phenylephrine, a version of pseudoephedrine that cannot be converted to methamphetamime.
Rx for cold pills

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