As in an earlier analysis, Mitostemma brevifilis and Paropsia madagascariensis were chosen as outgroups [32].
foetida Tropical regions Mitostemma brevifilis * Campo Grande (5) Paropsia madagascariensis * M Zyhra 949, WIS Passiflora accessions GenBank accession number Passiflora edulis (PE1) Present sequence P.