Emphasis was given to polyethylene glycol (PEG) because it should be water soluble, have a high degree of
organophilicity, and not have a high molecular weight to allow good flowing ability [15].
Due to the platyness, softness, hydrophobicity,
organophilicity, and inertness of talc, it can bring benefits to a wide range of industries, including agriculture, ceramics, food, paper, pharmaceuticals, plastics, and rubber [1].
Montmorillonite (Na-MMT or Mont-0) is easily dispersed at room temperature in a suitable amount of distilled water due to its high hydrophilicity [11, 12], The aqueous solution is containing a calculated amount of the cationic surfactant (CTAB) which can cause the desired level of
organophilicity after cation exchange with the montmorillonite's sodium.
Hydrophobicity and
organophilicity of MFI zeolites made them useful in the removal of organics from water steams besides their stabilities for separations and catalysis in the presence of water.
Roth stages are attributed to the decomposition of the quaternary alkylammonium group used to modify the
organophilicity of the montmorillonite (53).
The hydroxylethyl pendant group present in the modifier ion of the C30B reduces the
organophilicity of the interlayer increasing the miscibility of the inorganic part by combining with the amino group of the diamine.
To improve the interaction, the charge balancing interlayer cations (typically sodium) present on the MMT are most often replaced by alkyl ammonium ions, facilitating the
organophilicity of the layered silicate surface [4-6].
Although the
organophilicity of the clay is enhanced by a higher interlayer population density, the PET chains would penetrate with difficulty the galleries because of saturation by surfactant molecules or high organic content.
In the preparation of exfoliated PS/LDH composites, it is important to increase the
organophilicity of the originally hydrophilic LDH, to ensure the promoted swelling of the double layered aluminate structure by styrene monomer.
Thus, the incorporation of amine governs the
organophilicity of the clay.
By judicious selection of the organic cations, the nature of silicate interlayer, however, can be controlled and thus polymers with varying degrees of polarity and
organophilicity intercalated into the galleries.
Since the natural clay is highly hydrophilic, it is important to improve its
organophilicity so that it will be compatible with organic polymers.