However Acrostichum and Ceratopteris showed different features: 1) Acrostichum is typically found in brackish or saline habits near coasts, true halophyte or semi-halophyte, while Ceratopteris inhabits fresh or occasionally brackish wetlands and rarely in terrestrial situations on poorly drained soils worldwide of tropics and subtropics (Dettmann & Clifford, 1991); 2) Spores in Acrostichum and Ceratopteris are trilete, tetrahedral-globose to nearly globose, but they differ in ornamentation, 3) Antheridia in Acrostichum have an asymmetric
opercular cell whereas Ceratopteris showed undivided cap cell.
Pomatostegus stellatus has scattered simple ocelli appearing on the radioles (type S) as well as on the
opercular brim (type oS).
Opercular abnormalities may be caused by genetic factors, as usually seen in Miller-Dieker syndrome,[sup][23] glutaric aciduria type 1,[sup][24],[25] methylmalonic acidaemia,[sup][26] and nonsyndromic microencephaly.[sup][27] However, abnormal operculization on prenatal imaging does not systematically reflect the underlying cortical dysplasia.
Therefore,
opercular movement reflects stress level posed on fish (Martins et al., 2011).
The most remarkable differences regard
opercular angle (approximately 45[degrees] towards dorsal surface in P.
En las regiones de la mejilla, nuca, area
opercular y flancos corporales se encuentran salpicados por pequenas manchas azul iridiscentes, dispuestas en un patron complejo, el cual se vuelve mas intenso durante la fase reproductiva y en organismos machos.
There are many different structures for fish age estimation, such as scales, otoliths, vertebrae and
opercular bones (Khan et al.
The clinical signs observed for the fish were increased
opercular beat, erratic swimming, inquietude, position along the water column, lethargy, muscle spasm (trembling), corrosion at the body surface (skin and fin) and skin and eyes color (Murty, 1998).
These behaviors are:
opercular flaring, swim away (disengaging courtship), biting, lateral roll, caudal sweeping, and most notably, courtship by a single male simultaneously with multiple females at the nest site.
Flatheads were dormant, remaining motionless, with little or no
opercular movement.
