Thirty different food or condiment powders recognizable by 70% of the
normosmic population, such as bread, milk, strawberry, ginger, grapefruit, vanilla, onions, oranges, cocoa, celery, coffee, smoked ham, cloves, garlic, white grape, mushrooms, red pepper, lime, raspberry, curry, and cinnamon, were presented to 230 volunteers, both healthy and with olfaction disorders.
Bhagavath et al., "Nasal embryonic LHRH factor (NELF) mutations in patients with
normosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and Kallmann syndrome," Fertility and Sterility, vol.
Traditionally, IHH is divided into two major categories: Kallmann syndrome (KS) and
normosmic IHH (nIHH).
Damm et al used magnetic resonance imaging to assess intranasal volume and its relationship to olfactory function in
normosmic individuals.
Normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to novel homozygous nonsense c.C969A (p.Y323X) mutation in the KISS1R gene in three unrelated families.
Ham et al., "Is
normosmic Parkinson disease a unique clinical phenotype?" Neurology, vol.
This retrospective study was done by reviewing the medical records of 91 IHH (including 62
normosmic IHH and 29 Kallmann syndrome) and 27 CDP patients, who presented at Chinese PLA General Hospital between 1994 and 2011, as well as 6 normal prepubertal children, and 20 normal pubertal volunteers.
The disease associated with a normal sense of smell, occurring in 40-45% of CHH patients [13], is called
normosmic Idiopathic Central hypogonadism (nICH) or
normosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nHH).
By contrast, all control subjects were
normosmic (Table 1).
He presented data on 303 participants (203 hyposmic, 100
normosmic) who had undergone the baseline evaluation.
Of the 203 hyposmic subjects, 11% had a DAT level less than 65%, compared with 1% of the
normosmic group, a significant difference.
No patients in a control cohort among the relatives who were
normosmic at baseline went on the develop the disease, and the study concluded that idiopathic olfactory dysfunction in family members of Parkinson's disease patients is associated with at least a 10% increased risk of developing the disease (Ann.