neuroepithelium

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neuroepithelium

[noor″o-ep″ĭ-the´le-um]

1. epithelium made up of cells specialized to serve as sensory cells for reception of external stimuli. Called also sense or sensory epithelium.

2. the ectodermal epithelium, from which the central nervous system develops.

neu·ro·ep·i·the·li·um

(nū'rō-ep'i-thē'lē-ūm),

Epithelial cells specialized for the reception of external stimuli. Most neuroepithelial cells, notably the hair cells of the inner ear and the receptor cells of the taste buds, are not true neurons but transducer cells that stand in synaptic contact with the peripheral endings of sensory ganglion cells. The neuroepithelial receptor cells of the olfactory epithelium, by contrast, are true peripheral neurons with extremely thin, unmyelinated axons that compose the olfactory filaments that enter the olfactory bulb of the cerebral hemisphere. The NA also applies the term to the rods and cones of the retina.

Synonym(s): neurepithelium, neuroepithelial cells

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

neu·ro·ep·i·the·li·um

(nūr'ō-ep-i-thē'lē-ūm)

Epithelial cells specialized for the reception of external stimuli, such as the hair cells of the inner ear, the receptor cells of the taste buds, and the rods and cones of the retina.

Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012

References in periodicals archive ?

The day 10 neuroepithelium was consistent with the mouse neuroectodermal cell line NE-4C after RA treatment.

Lineage-Specific Chiral Biases of Human Embryonic Stem Cells during Differentiation

The neuroepithelium narrows and lengthens, a process referred to as convergent extension (Figure 3(a)), in which the polarized cells which form the neuroepithelial plate converge towards the midline, elongate anteroposteriorly, and then intercalate [215, 225].

Spina Bifida: Pathogenesis, Mechanisms, and Genes in Mice and Humans

Markers such as SOX2 and SALL4 (Figure 10, A and B) are strongly expressed by immature neuroepithelium but are weaker or absent in well-differentiated neural areas.

Germ Cell Tumors of the Ovary: An Update

The most characteristic histopathology of vestibular neuritis in the human temporal bone is degeneration of the superior vestibular nerve and vestibular ganglion with variable involvement of the neuroepithelium of the end organs and a deficiency in the population of the nerve fibres and microscopic findings of myelin degeneration.

Is vestibular neuritis an immune related vestibular neuropathy inducing vertigo?

The incidence of protozoal and helminthic infestations of the central nervous system (CNS) is less than 1%, but these infestations tend to follow a fatal course.1 The free-living amoebae Naeglaeria fowleri (NF) cause extremely rare and sporadic CNS infections termed as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM).2 It is an acute, fulminant, rapidly fatal disease that occurs generally in previously healthy children and young adults with a history of swimming and diving and other recreational activities in fresh water and contaminated swimming pools.3 The portal of entry is via the olfactory mucosa and neuroepithelium. Incubation period is 3-8 days with acute and rapidly fatal course.

Naeglaeria infection of the central nervous system, CT scan findings: a case series

Using isolated tissue from the nervous system (i.e., neuroepithelium) of second-trimester fetuses, the investigators demonstrated that ethanol suppressed the expression of four miRNAs--miR-9, miR-21, miR-153, and miR335--in fetal neural stem cells (NSCs) and neural progenitor cells (NPCs).

Dysregulation of microRNA expression and function contributes to the etiology of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Another potential sequalae of low CSF glucose is direct damage to the cochlea neuroepithelium.

Risk factors for hearing loss in children following bacterial meningitis in a tertiary referral hospital

The complex cellular arrangement of the vertebrate central nervous system, including the neuroretina, largely arises from the apparently undifferentiated, pseudostratified neuroepithelium. During early embryonic development, neuroepithelial cells undergo sequential proliferation and differentiation to give rise to neurons and glial cells.

Early neural cell death is an extensive, dynamic process in the embryonic chick and mouse retina

They also found that PD exposure caused necrosis and apoptosis in the olfactory neuroepithelium and activation of caspase 3, a protein that plays a role in cell death, in axons of olfactory nerve bundles.

Butter flavoring in microwave popcorn harmful for food industry workers

Aminoglycoside ototoxicity targets the sensory neuroepithelium of the cochlea.

Aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss in HIV-positive and HIV-negative multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients

First documented in 1858 by Wallmann, the cyst develops from the neuroepithelium of the diencephalic roof and usually implants into the third ventricle.

Colloid cyst: a case report

Subsequently, it invades the central nervous system through the olfactory neuroepithelium and causes a fatal infection that clinically resembles acute bacterial meningitis.

Primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri, Karachi, Pakistan