Similar results were obtained in rat models, demonstrating that maternally administered G-CSF crosses the placenta and has
myelopoietic effects even at low concentrations in the fetus (26).
GM-CSF is basically a hematopoietic and
myelopoietic growth factor (17,18) which also promotes production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as 'TNF-[alpha], IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-23 and IL-1[beta] as well as chemokines like CCL22, CCL24, CCL5 and CCL1 which promote leukocyte recruitment' (17).
Barnees et al., "The
myelopoietic supportive capacity of mesenchymal stromal cells is uncoupled from multipotency and is influenced by lineage determination and interference with glycosylation," Stem Cells, vol.
Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of EMH because of the presence of hematopoietic cells differentiated into mature
myelopoietic, erythropoietic, and megakaryocytic cells (Figure 3).
Coming from a
myelopoietic origin, red blood cells mature from erythroblasts and have a high turnover rate as they are exposed to severe mechanical stress during circulation (45).
Tinhofer, "Tuning the rheostat of the
myelopoietic system via Fas and TRAIL," Critical Reviews in Immunology, vol.
Evaluation of tissue disposition,
myelopoietic and immunologic responses in mice after long-term exposure to nickel sulphate in the drinking water.
Evaluation of tissue deposition
myelopoietic and immunologic responses in mice after long term exposure to nickel sulfate in the drinking water.
Myelopoietic and erythropoietic cells together with the lymphocytes are the major cell types.
But this suppression is a temporary event that leads to subsequent
myelopoietic activity [22].