(2005) Truncated prion protein and Doppel are
myelinotoxic in the absence of oligodendrocytic Pr[P.sup.C].
DISCUSSION: It is suggested that the rise in serum sodium exerts an osmotic endothelial injury leading to the local release of
myelinotoxic factors derived from more vascular grey matter.
In GBS, TNF[alpha] produced by the infiltrating T cells has a direct
myelinotoxic effect on myelinated fibers, causing demyelination.
Meningeal inflammation is most commonly, but not always, associated with subpial lesions (Type III/IV), and it is theorized that
myelinotoxic agents may diffuse from the meninges into the superficial gray matter, possibly contributing to demyelination [25].
Moreover, MMPs may contribute indirectly to the expansion of the inflammatory response and tissue damage by generating antigens through the breakdown of myelin or by conversion of inactive membrane bound TNF-[alpha] into the active
myelinotoxic form [36].