Once all preliminary steps are implemented and it is determined that
medical surveillance is still required, the last step is to attempt to develop a biological exposure index (BEI) for the substance in question.
Determinants of participation restriction in people affected by leprosy in the Netherlands Variable N Median Sex Men 12 30.5 Women 19 10 Origin Surinamese 17 29 Non Surinamese 14 1.5 Disability Grade 0 7 0 grade Grade 1 6 0 Grade 2 18 29 Medical
Medical surveillance 21 29 surveillance No
medical surveillance 10 0 Interquartile Variable range (25%-75%) P-value Sex Men 11-38.5 0.096 * Women 0-22 Origin Surinamese 0-29 0.003 * Non Surinamese 0-16 Disability Grade 0 0-10 0.001 * grade Grade 1 0-13 Grade 2 16-41 Medical
Medical surveillance 16-41 < 0.001 * surveillance No
medical surveillance 0-0 Table 2.
However, a routine
medical surveillance programme of HCWs exposed to HBA is required.
Another component of the program funded through this cooperative agreement will be the activities previously conducted by the DOE's Former Beryllium Worker
Medical Surveillance Program, which offers medical testing for beryllium sensitivity and chronic beryllium disease (CBD) to former employees who were potentially exposed to beryllium as a result of their work at various DOE sites not initially covered by the Former Worker Medical Screening Program.
The authors of the study concluded that increased
medical surveillance could not account for this increase in cancer deaths, since they counted only persons who had died of these other cancers rather than those with both fatal and nonfatal cancers.
Shrey and Mital (1994) identify four requirements for effective transitional work programs: "1) objective worker evaluations, 2) a classification of the physical job demands, 3)
medical surveillance and follow-up, and 4) graduated progression to an acceptable permanent placement option." (p.
Other provisions cover employee training,
medical surveillance, record keeping, hazard communication and exposure monitoring.
"It looks like people who experience a pervasive sense of hopelessness are at increased risk for a variety of serious health problems and require careful
medical surveillance."
If the exposure has been so minimal that there will never be any adverse effects,
medical surveillance is unnecessary.
In addition, they require employers to develop
medical surveillance and monitoring programs for workers and to remove certain affected workers from the workplace, if necessary.
CPMA's counsel warns that "the action of the Court can be subject to many alternative interpretations." The counsel's "best interpretation" is that cadmium pigment users do not have to meet the OSHA exposure limit for all cadmium and its compounds of 5 ||micro~gram~/|m.sup.3~, which involves an action level of 2.5 ||micro~gram~/|m.sup.3~, required
medical surveillance at 2.5 ||micro~gram~/|m.sup.3~, and required engineering controls at 5 |microgram~/|m.sup.3~.
However, HAZWOPER requires that employers provide proper emergency response planning, training, and
medical surveillance to all affected and potentially affected employees.
