Kiss and Porter [16] reported the experimental evidence of negative first normal stress difference of
lyotropic LCPs for the first time.
Evans, "Formation of highly ordered mesoporous silica materials adopting
lyotropic liquid crystal mesophases," Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol.
Lekkerkerker; Phase transitions in
lyotropic colloidal and polymer liquid crystal, Report on Progress Physics: 55 (8), 1241-1328 (1992)
Lyotropic liquid crystalline phases formed from glycerate surfactants as sustained release drug delivery systems.
Besides the methods mentioned above, the templating synthesis using
lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC), common biomimetic systems, is useful in fabricating nanomaterials (Zhao et al., 2003).
This can lead to various superstructures such as micelles, vesicles, multilayers, and
lyotropic liquid crystalline phases (at high concentrations) (317).
To create a breathable barrier, Gin and his colleagues turned to a
lyotropic liquid crystal, which has two different ends: one water loving, the other water repelling.
They begin by describing liquid crystal materials, including thermotropic liquid crystalline materials,
lyotropic liquid crystals, and amphotropic liquid crystals.
It is interesting that Geary et al claim that the cationic polymer can promote the formation of a microscopic-phase separation of
lyotropic liquid crystals.
This study focuses on the synthesis of homopolymer and copolymer hydrogels via the photopolymerization of water-soluble and oil-soluble monomers in Pluronic
Lyotropic Liquid Crystals (LLCs).
Calcium and Mg were the dominant resident exchangeable cations in both soils, and based on the
lyotropic series, these divalent cations have a greater affinity for the exchange sites relative to monovalent cations such as N[H.sub.4]-N, particularly where organic matter is a major source of the negative surface charge (Table 2).
We have shown that the reverse transition: isotropic to liquid crystalline may also happen in special conditions, and one of the examples is on a polymer that has no known thermotropic or
lyotropic behaviour.
