lobar pneumonia
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lo·bar pneu·mo·ni·a
pneumonia affecting one or more lobes, or part of a lobe, of the lung in which the consolidation is virtually homogeneous; often due to infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae; sputum is scanty and usually of a rusty tint because altered blood is present.
lobar pneumonia
a severe infection of one or more of the five major lobes of the lungs that, if untreated, eventually results in consolidation of lung tissue. The disease is characterized by fever, chills, cough, rusty sputum, rapid shallow breathing, cyanosis, nausea, vomiting, and pleurisy. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the usual cause; but Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and other streptococci can also produce the disease. If the diagnosis is made early, appropriate antibiotic therapy is highly successful. Complications include lung abscess, atelectasis, empyema, pericarditis, and pleural effusion. Precautions against spread of the contagious disease are important. Because the fatality rate in the elderly and those with underlying systemic illness is high, prophylactic polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for them. Compare bronchopneumonia.
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Lobar pneumonia
lobar pneumonia
Pulmonology Pneumonia which affects part of one or more lobes of the lungs, characterized by virtually homogeneous consolidation; those with ↑ susceptibility in those with DM Etiology Streptococcus pneumoniae with bacterial pores of Kohn; ♂:♀ 3:1. See Community-acquired pneumonia.lo·bar pneu·mo·ni·a
(lō'bahr nū-mō'nē-ă)Pulmonary disease affecting one or more lobes, or part of a lobe, of the lung in which the consolidation is virtually homogeneous; commonly due to infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae; sputum is scanty and usually of a rusty tint from altered blood.
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LOBAR PNEUMONIA: (A) The right heart border is obscured by the infection, (B) Lateral view shows dense (white) infiltrate sharply defined by horizontal fissure (Courtesy of Harvey Hatch, MD, Curry General Hospital)
LOBAR PNEUMONIA
lobar pneumonia
Pneumonia infecting one or more lobes of the lung, usually caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The pathologic changes are, in order, congestion; redness and firmness due to exudate and red blood cells in the alveoli; and, finally, gray hepatization as the exudate degenerates and is absorbed. Synonym: acute lobar pneumonia See: illustration
illustrationSee also: pneumonia
lobar pneumonia
An acute inflammation of one or more lobes of the lung caused by the organism Streptococcus pneumoniae. The onset is sudden with high fever, vomiting or convulsions in children; chest pain, especially on breathing; a cough, at first dry then with much rusty-coloured sputum; rapid breathing; flushed face; and often cold sores around the mouth or nose. The condition responds well to antibiotics. Also known as pneumococcal pneumonia.lobar
pertaining to a lobe.
congenital lobar emphysema
emphysema of one or more lung lobes usually the result of bronchial dysplasia or agenesis in the neonate.
lobar pneumonia
pneumonia affecting one or more lobes of the lungs. See also lobar pneumonia.
pneumonia
inflammation of the parenchyma of the lung. It is often accompanied by inflammation of the airways and sometimes of the adjoining pleura. Clinically it is manifested by an increase in the rate and depth of respiration at all degrees of severity up to dyspnea. There is also cough, and abnormality of the breath sounds on auscultation. In bacterial pneumonia there is usually a severe toxemia, in viral pneumonia it is usually minor. See also bronchopneumonia, pleuropneumonia.
Arabian foal pneumonia
an inexorably progressive pneumonia of certain Arabian foals born with primary severe combined immunodeficiency in which adenovirus plays a dominant role but is complicated by other microorganisms, particularly Pneumocystis carinii.
aspiration pneumonia
see aspiration pneumonia.
atypical pneumonia
histologically the pneumonia is atypical in that there are no signs of acute inflammation and it is characterized by an exudation of eosinophilic, protein-rich fluid in the alveoli which may become organized to form a hyaline membrane. In animals that survive for several days there is epithelialization of the alveolar walls. In humans there is a primary atypical pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. In animals the best known example is atypical interstitial pneumonia of cattle.
bronchointerstitial pneumonia
the lesions are centered on the bronchioles and a prominent feature is the accumulation of lymphocytes in interstitial tissue; typical of pneumonias caused by aerogenous virus infections, especially myxoviruses.
brooder pneumonia
see brooder pneumonia.
chronic undifferentiated pneumonia of sheep
see enzootic pneumonia.
corynebacterial pneumonia of foals
see corynebacterial pneumonia.
cuffing pneumonia
chronic undifferentiated pneumonia of sheep in which lymphofollicular sheaths around the bronchioles are a feature.
equine cryptococcal pneumonia
see epizootic lymphangitis.
desquamative pneumonia
a chronic pneumonia associated with Mycoplasma spp. and characterized by organization of the exudate within bronchioles and bronchi, and proliferation of the interstitial tissue and epithelium.
desquamative interstitial pneumonia
chronic pneumonia with desquamation of large alveolar cells and thickening of the walls of distal air passages; marked by dyspnea and nonproductive cough.
embolic pneumonia
results from hematogenous spread from an intravascular lesion elsewhere in the body. The best known example is caudal vena caval thrombosis.
endogenous-lipid pneumonia
focal alveolar accumulations of foamy, lipid-filled macrophages which may impede alveolar clearance. Usually an incidental postmortem finding in laboratory rodents, fur-bearing animals and uncommonly cats and dogs.
enzootic pneumonia
see enzootic pneumonia.
fibrinous pneumonia
an acute fulminating pneumonia, often lobar in distribution, characterized by a fibrinous exudate. Fibrinous describes the exudate, not the anatomical distribution so that the term fibrinous pneumonia should not be used interchangeably with lobar pneumonia.
foreign body pneumonia
see aspiration pneumonia.
gangrenous pneumonia
usually an accompaniment of aspiration pneumonia.
giant-cell pneumonia
a secondary lesion in dermatosis vegetans in pigs; lesions marked by the presence of a proliferative giant-cell type of diffuse interstitial pneumonia.
granulomatous pneumonia
has a slow course characterized by granulomatous, not exudative, lesions. Sporadic cases occur in immunodeficient animals. It is a characteristic of tuberculosis and systemic fungal infections, e.g. coccidioidomycosis.
hypostatic pneumonia
caused by pooling of blood and some decrease in viability of the dependent lung in an old, sick or debilitated animal that is in lateral recumbency for a long period. The infection is secondary to hypostasis.
inhalation pneumonia
see aspiration pneumonia.
interstitial pneumonia
pneumonia in which there is diffuse or patchy damage to alveolar septa widely distributed through the lungs. There is an early intra-alveolar exudative phase followed by significant proliferation and enlargement of the alveolar epithelial cells and a thickening of the interstitial tissue. Most interstitial pneumonias in animals are infectious including viral, bacterial, fungal and protozoal causes, but may be caused by chemical injury, acute pancreatitis or shock, as in acute respiratory distress syndrome.
lipid pneumonia
a specific type of aspiration pneumonia caused by the inhalation of oil droplets; most commonly associated with the forced administration of paraffin oil or cod-liver oil to cats. Called also medication pneumonia, lipoid pneumonia. See also aspiration pneumonia.
lobar pneumonia
a fulminating bronchopneumonia in which entire pulmonary lobes are diffusively inflamed and then consolidated. Pneumonic pasteurellosis in cattle is the type disease. The animal is critically ill with anoxia and toxemia.
lobular pneumonia
an oldfashioned term for bronchopneumonia.
lymphoid interstitial pneumonia
see maedi.
ovine progressive pneumonia
see maedi.
parasitic pneumonia
see lungworm disease.
stable pneumonia
see equine influenza.
suppurative pneumonia of foals
see corynebacterial pneumonia.
uremic pneumonia
occurs in dogs with terminal uremia; lesions characterized by absence of inflammatory cells.