lipoamide

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li·po·ic ac·id

(li-pō'ik as'id),

A bacterial growth factor present in yeast and liver extracts; may be useful in the treatment of mushroom poisoning. Functions as the amide (lipoamide) cofactor in the disulfide (-S-S-) form in the transfer of "active aldehyde" (acetyl), the two-carbon fragment resulting from decarboxylation of pyruvate from α-hydroxyethylthiamin pyrophosphate to acetyl-CoA, itself being reduced to the dithiol form (that is, dihydrolipoic acid) in the process. Lipoic acid is also an essential component of other α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes.

Synonym(s): acetate replacement factor, ovoprotogen, protogen, protogen A, pyruvate oxidation factor, thioctic acid

lipoamide

/lipo·am·ide/ (lip″o-am´īd) the functional form of lipoic acid, linked to the lysine side chain of any of several enzyme complexes that catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of keto acids.

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References in periodicals archive ?

Studies on the kinetic mechanism of lipoamide dehydrogenase from rat liver mitochondria.

Effects of dietary alpha-lipoic acid and acetyl-L-carnitine on growth performance and meat quality in arbor acres broilers

Nitrofuran drugs as common subversive substrates of Trypanosoma cruzi lipoamide dehydrogenase and trypanothione reductase.

Molecular modeling, structural analysis and identification of ligand binding sites of trypanothione reductase from Leishmania mexicana

Liver disease in the Ashkenazi-Jewish lipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency.

Other diseases of connection to Ashkenazi Jews are Familial Hyperinsulinism, Joubert Syndrome Type 2, Lipoamide Dehydrogenase Deficiency (E3), Nemaline Myopathy, Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), Usher Syndrome Type 3, Usher Syndrom Type I, and Walker Warburg Syndrome.

Moment's guide to Jewish genetic diseases

The sulfhydryl group (-SH) is contained in the reduced forms of glutathione, cysteine, coenzyme A, lipoamide (lipoic acid) and in mercaptans (R-SH).

S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe): effects in depression osteoarthritis and other disorders

Regeneration of the antioxidant ubiquinol by lipoamide dehydrogenase, thioredoxin reductase and glutathione reductase.