The water supply for hemodialysis units could be contaminated with several fungal species that occur during piping into kidney machine. In addition, contamination with fungi due to contact with xposure of patients suffering from chronic renal insufficiency to contaminated water sources, water distribution systems should also be monitored for mycological contamination.
In 1980, an artificial kidney machine was built that incorporated many of the principles on which the new technology relies, according to Martin Roberts, an assistant professor at the David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California.
In 1956, the company pioneered hemodialysis with the introduction of the first widely available artificial kidney machine. Nearly 20 years later, Baxter was the first company to introduce peritoneal dialysis.