intestinal perforation

intestinal perforation

Etymology: L, intestinum + perforare, to pierce

the escape of digestive tract contents into the peritoneal cavity as the result of trauma or a disease condition such as a ruptured appendix or perforated ulcer. The condition inevitably leads to peritonitis.

intestinal perforation

Gastrointestinal perforation Surgery The loss of integrity of the bowel wall which may be due to trauma–eg, shotgun blast to abdomen or ischemic breakdown of intestinal wall. See Fecal peritonitis.

perforation

(per?fo-ra'shon) [L. perforatio, a boring through]

1. The act or process of making a hole, such as that caused by ulceration.

2. A hole made through a structure or part.

Bezold perforation

See: Bezold, Friedrich

glove perforation

A tear or puncture through the protective membrane of a glove. It exposes both the surgeon and the patient to potentially transmissible infectious diseases. Loss of glove integrity occurs most often on the thumb of the dominant surgical hand and on either index finger. It is often unrecognized. Its frequency increases with the duration of the operation.

intestinal perforation

Perforation of stomach or intestine.

nasal septal perforation

A hole through the nasal septum, usually the result of chronic inflammation caused by infection or repeated cocaine inhalation.

perforation of stomach or intestine

An abdominal crisis in which a hole forms in a wall of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in the release of intestinal fluids into the peritoneum. The leakage may produce a localized abscess, phlegmon, or diffuse peritonitis. Synonym: intestinal perforation See: peritonitis

Symptoms

The onset is accompanied by acute pain, beginning over the perforated area and spreading all over the abdomen. Nausea and vomiting, tachycardia, hypotension, fevers, chills, sweats, confusion, and decreased urinary output are common.

Treatment

Surgical treatment is necessary. Pending operation, the patient is given no oral fluids; parenteral fluids, antibiotics, and other medications are administered.

tooth perforation

Pulp exposure.

perforation

a hole or break in the containing walls or membranes of an organ or structure of the body. Perforation occurs when erosion, infection or other factors create a weak spot in the organ and internal pressure causes a rupture. It also may result from a deep penetrating wound caused by trauma.

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bladder perforation

usually the result of obstructive urolithiasis with eventual leakage of urine into the peritoneal cavity. See also congenital urinary bladder rupture.

eardrum perforation

occurs when an infectious process erodes the tympanic membrane or leads to increased pressure in the middle ear.

esophageal perforation

causes local cellulitis and obstruction of the esophagus.

gallbladder perforation

sometimes occurs as a complication of cholecystitis and gallstones. When the gallbladder is infected, necrosis may progress to the point of destroying the wall so that the bile spills out into the abdominal cavity causing biliary peritonitis.

intestinal perforation

a complication of ulcerative colitis (see colitis), intestinal obstruction, ulceration and other disorders in which there is inflammation of the intestinal wall or obstruction of the intestinal lumen.

ulcer perforation

a complication of duodenal and gastric ulcers. It requires immediate surgical correction to prevent hemorrhage, shock and peritonitis.

urethral perforation

is usually a result of obstructive urolithiasis; urine collects in a ventral subcutaneous site.