hyperoxaluria

[hi″per-ok″sah-lu´re-ah]

an excess of oxalates in the urine, which can lead to formation of kidney stones. Called also oxaluria.

enteric hyperoxaluria formation of calcium oxalate calculi in the urinary tract, occurring after extensive resection or disease of the ileum, due to excessive absorption of oxalate from the colon.

primary hyperoxaluria an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by urinary excretion of oxalate, with nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, early onset of renal failure, and often a generalized deposit of calcium oxalate.

hy·per·ox·a·lu·ri·a

(hī'pĕr-ok'să-lyū'rē-ă),

Presence of an unusually large amount of oxalic acid or oxalates in the urine; renal stones may occur.

Synonym(s): oxaluria

hyperoxaluria

(hī′pər-ŏk′sə-lo͝or′ē-ə)

The presence of an unusually large amount of oxalic acid or oxalates in the urine.

hyperoxaluria

A condition characterised by excess urinary oxalate (formula C2O4), which may lead to calcium oxalate stones in the pelvicalyceal system or urinary bladder.

Aetiology
Acute tubular necrosis, enteric hyperoxaluria, cystic fibrosis, coeliac disease, diabetes, foods (e.g., beef greens, rhubarb, spinach, beets, chard, okra, peanuts, chocolate, pecans, tea, carrots), short bowel syndrome.

Management, primary hyeroxaluria
High-dose pyridoxine, orthophosphate, magnesium, increased fluid volumes, glycosaminoglycans (pentosan polysulfate), dialysis.

Management, secondary hyeroxaluria
Calcium supplements, iron, aluminium, magnesium, potassium citrate, cholestyramine, diet (reduced fat, low meat, low oxalate foods).

hy·per·ox·a·lu·ri·a

(hī'pĕr-ok-să-lyūr'ē-ă)

Presence of an unusually large amount of oxalic acid or oxalates in the urine.
Synonym(s): oxaluria.

hy·per·ox·a·lu·ri·a

(hī'pĕr-ok-să-lyūr'ē-ă)

Presence of an unusually large amount of oxalic acid or oxalates in the urine.
Synonym(s): oxaluria.

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References in periodicals archive ?

The woman in this case report had two known risk factors for hyperoxaluria. However, even in the absence of known risk factors, excessive oxalate consumption can, on rare occasions, have serious adverse effects.

Literature Review & Commentary

Becky's six-year-old daughter Zoe also has primary hyperoxaluria and has undergone five procedures to remove kidney stones.

Nathan battles back after a life in hospital; Four-year-old recovering from major liver transplant after years of gruelling care

In individuals with hyperoxaluria, renal tubular epithelial cells were injured due to exposure to high oxalate concentrations or sharp calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals [10, 65, 66].

Kidney Stone Disease: An Update on Current Concepts

Tielens et al., "Hyperoxaluria is related to whewellite and hypercalciuria to weddellite: what happens when crystalline conversion occurs?," Comptes Rendus Chimie, vol.

Improvement of Urinary Stones Analysis Combining Morphological Analysis and Infrared Spectroscopy

Pursell et al., "Inhibition of glycolate oxidase with dicer-substrate siRNA reduces calcium oxalate deposition in a mouse model of primary hyperoxaluria type 1," Molecular Therapy, vol.

In Vivo siRNA Delivery and Rebound of Renal LRP2 in Mice

Aunque las manifestaciones clinicas son prevenibles con un diagnostico precoz, la mayoria de veces el diagnostico es tardio y se realiza en pacientes con enfermedad renal cronica terminal establecida, lo cual ocurre en mas del 30% de pacientes con hyperoxaluria primaria tipo 1 (2,3), donde el aumento en la produccion hepatica de oxalato supera los mecanismos de eliminacion del mismo, llevando a toxicidad directa, nefrocalcinosis (depositos de cristales a nivel intratubular e intersticial) y posterior obstruccion renal por litos, que usualmente se asocian a infecciones de las vias urinarias.

Hiperoxaluria primaria tipo 1

Three children received a dual liver and kidney transplant from a living relative (two siblings with primary hyperoxaluria type 1 and one patient with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease).

Pediatric Renal Transplantation in Oman: A Single-center Experience

Genetic testing was pursued, and the results showed an AGXT mutation consistent with a type 1 primary hyperoxaluria. All preoperative liver testing results were within the normal limits.

Cystoisospora belli Gallbladder Infection in a Liver Transplant Donor

With the increasing need for organs, livers explanted from patients with primary hyperoxaluria (PH), acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), and homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HFHC) are being used for DLT.

Domino Liver Transplantation from a Child with Propionic Acidemia to a Child with Idiopathic Fulminant Hepatic Failure

The inherited rare kidney stone disorders studied by the RKSC include cystinuria, primary hyperoxaluria, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) deficiency, and Dent disease (see Table 1).

Early recognition and management of rare kidney stone disorders

White urine is caused by proteinuria, pyuria from UTI, chyluria, filariasis, lymphatic fistula, schistosomiasis, lipiduria, propofol infusion, urinary TB, hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, phosphaturia, lead, and mercury [9].

Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: A Rare Spot Diagnosis

Hyperoxaluria is considered as one of the primary risk factors for urolithiasis [1].

MitoTEMPO Prevents Oxalate Induced Injury in NRK-52E Cells via Inhibiting Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Modulating Oxidative Stress. (Research Article)