Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological condition characterized by hormonally-mediated sebum overproduction, follicular
hyperkeratinization, and chronic inflammation of the pilosebaceous unit.
Acne is a multifactorial disease involving a combination of
hyperkeratinization in the sebaceous follicles, excess sebum production, and overgrowth of the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes.
There are 3 types of acne: comedonal, papulopustular, and nodular (Table 1), all of which result from a multifactorial pathophysiologic process in the pilosebaceous unit: (1) sebum production, (2) follicular
hyperkeratinization, (3) proliferation and colonization by Propionibacterium acnes, and (4) the release of inflammatory mediators.
The most obvious signs of zinc deficiency in swine are growth retardation and thickening, roughening, and
hyperkeratinization of the skin (parakeratosis).
Studies have suggested that, in hidradenitis suppurativa, atrophy of the sebaceous glands, follicular
hyperkeratinization, and subsequent hair follicle destruction are associated with deep-seated inflammation, increased susceptibility to secondary infections, and chronic perpetuation of the inflammatory response," the researchers wrote.
It involves four main processes which include
hyperkeratinization of the pilosebaceous follicles, increased sebum production, increased propionobacterium colonization and inflammation.
With the use of an unprcceden ted test method on normal human sebocytes as a more reliable and predictive model associated with cosmetogenomics, Sederma was able to confirm a positive action on every known process leading to oily skin and associated blemishes: hyperseborrhea, microbial proliferation, inflammation,
hyperkeratinization and hyperpigmentation.
Both deficiency and excess of Vitamin A can give rise to cutaneous lesions of
hyperkeratinization and scaling, alopecia, poor hair coat and increased susceptibility to microbial infections (Scott et al.
Most irritation fibromas are of normal mucosal color, unless traumatized, in which the lesion could appear reddened, or whitish due to
hyperkeratinization, the result of continued irritation after development of the lesion.
In early studies on isotretinoin's mechanism of action, it was demonstrated that isotretinoin use resulted in reduced follicular
hyperkeratinization and decreased comedogenesis.
An unprecedented test using normal human sebocytes as a more reliable predictive model associated to a cosmetogenomic approach confirms an action for each step of the process leading to oily skin and associated blemishes: hypersebonhoea, microbial proliferation, inflammation,
hyperkeratinization and hyperpigmentation.
